6 citations
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April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.
7 citations
,
September 1977 in “PubMed” A new technique called hair-lifting was introduced to treat male-pattern baldness and can also give a partial face-lift.
17 citations
,
March 2006 in “BJU international” Using buccal mucosa for hypospadias repair in children is effective and reduces complications.
February 2010 in “ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)” Male sexual differentiation is regulated independently, while female differentiation occurs in an androgenic environment, affecting conditions like congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Gender-affirming hormone therapy affects metabolism differently based on treatment type.
85 citations
,
March 2002 in “Body & Society” The document concludes that cosmetic surgery is still mainly a practice for women and the gender gap in this field is expected to continue.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” An 8-year-old boy's early puberty was caused by a rare hormone-secreting brain tumor, which was successfully treated with surgery.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Goserelin injections can effectively manage hyperandrogenism symptoms in postmenopausal women who can't have surgery.
November 2025 in “Frontiers in Oral Health” Accurate diagnosis and management of rare genian fistulas require combined clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic evaluations.
August 2017 in “Journal of pediatric surgery case reports” A toddler with a rare adrenal gland tumor causing male-like physical changes was successfully treated with surgery.
1 citations
,
January 2018 in “Journal of SAFOMS” A rare ovarian tumor can cause unusual male-like symptoms, but surgery usually leads to a good outcome.
1 citations
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January 2004 in “Linchuang pifuke zazhi” Low-dose finasteride can cause painful breast enlargement in men, which resolves after stopping the medication.
3 citations
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April 1982 in “Clinics in Plastic Surgery” Scalp reduction can effectively treat male pattern baldness, with most patients satisfied and few complications.
March 2026 in “Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia” Facial aesthetic procedures improve quality of life for transgender individuals.
January 2013 in “Revista Clínica Española” A postmenopausal woman's increased male hormone levels were successfully treated with surgery.
38 citations
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February 2012 in “Aesthetic Surgery Journal” Facial rejuvenation surgery has evolved to yield natural results with low complication rates, and more men and older patients are choosing this surgery.
27 citations
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September 2017 Pubic hair transplantation can improve self-esteem in those with sparse pubic hair.
January 2011 in “InTech eBooks” Pesticide exposure may increase the risk of hypospadias in males.
1 citations
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December 2010 in “Elsevier eBooks” Cell transplantation faces challenges in genitourinary reconstruction, but alternative tissue sources and microencapsulation show promise.
2 citations
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October 1997 in “Dermatologic Clinics” The document concludes that advancements in hair restoration surgery have led to more natural results and patient satisfaction, with hope for future improvements in treatment.
94 citations
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April 2002 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” A new gene mutation causes female pseudohermaphroditism due to glucocorticoid resistance.
3 citations
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February 2024 in “Wound Repair and Regeneration” Keloids on the penis are rare, often triggered by circumcision, and rarely recur after surgery.
1 citations
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December 2024 in “Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery”
August 2025 in “Endokrynologia Polska” A rare pancreatic tumor caused a woman's male-like features, treated successfully with surgery and medication.
11 citations
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November 2022 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Hormonal treatments can change hair and skin in transgender people, but may not fully achieve desired results.
9 citations
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January 1997 in “Endocrine Journal” Gonadal biopsy is the best method to diagnose gonadal dysgenesis.
116 citations
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December 2013 in “The Journal of Pediatrics” Most youth with gender dysphoria received hormones, had minor complications, and showed a decrease in suicide attempts after treatment.
36 citations
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May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
86 citations
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March 1993 in “Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology” Finasteride affects male rat genitalia development, causing abnormalities during specific pregnancy days.