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The woman's surgery lowered her testosterone and improved scalp hair loss but did not change her excessive body hair.

Testosterone replacement can help menopausal women with various symptoms, but should be used carefully and is not yet officially licensed in the UK for women.

A multidisciplinary approach is crucial for safe and effective hormone treatment in gender-dysphoric individuals, with specific guidelines for adolescents and adults.

A 13-year-old girl's masculine symptoms improved after surgery for a rare adrenal tumor that produced male hormones.

Hirsutism is excessive male-pattern hair growth mainly caused by ovarian hormones, and severe cases may require costly treatment with side effects.

Testosterone therapy may slightly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women, but its long-term safety is unknown.

Testosterone works in different ways, including direct interaction with its receptor, conversion to other hormones for specific effects on genitalia, hair, bones, and muscle, and changes in body fat and sexual function when low.

Finasteride may cause breast enlargement, low testosterone a risk factor.

Gender-affirming hormone therapy and surgery affect gut bacteria differently.

Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes modest feminization in transgender female adolescents, and works better with added estrogens.

Affected males are born with ambiguous genitalia, raised as females, but develop male traits at puberty due to enzyme deficiency.

A woman's severe hirsutism was caused by Leydig cell tumors in her ovaries, which improved after surgery.

A rare, non-cancerous ovarian tumor was successfully treated with surgery, improving the patient's symptoms.

Removing both ovaries can treat increased testosterone and related symptoms in postmenopausal women with ovarian hyperthecosis.

A man developed male breast cancer after four years of finasteride treatment for an enlarged prostate.

Transgender women have similar fitness to cisgender women, while transgender men have higher fat and lower strength than cisgender men; hormone therapy affects body composition and strength.

Antiandrogens can treat excess body hair and hair loss by blocking male hormones.

Including androgens in hormone therapy may lower breast cancer risk.

Masculinization in affected individuals occurs gradually after puberty due to hormone changes.

Testosterone therapy may help women with low sexual desire after surgical menopause.

Testosterone therapy can help improve sexual desire and function in postmenopausal women but may cause side effects and is not FDA-approved for this use.

Alopecia in transgender individuals on hormone therapy can worsen emotional distress and affect self-esteem.

In post-menopausal women, signs of increased male hormones should be checked for possible ovarian cancer.

Advancements in male reproductive medicine are ongoing, but more research and improved treatments are needed in several areas.

A woman's masculine features were caused by a rare ovarian tumor that produced male hormones.

A rare ovarian tumor caused a postmenopausal woman to develop male-like features, which improved after surgery.

High-dose androgen therapy can help manage certain types of androgen resistance.

Antiandrogen therapies are beneficial for treating skin and hair conditions related to androgen levels.

Goserelin injections can effectively manage hyperandrogenism symptoms in postmenopausal women who can't have surgery.

Surgery on a 68-year-old woman with an ovarian tumor led to reduced hirsutism and normal testosterone levels.