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December 2008 in “Molecular Carcinogenesis” The PML protein helps prevent skin cancer in mice.
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June 2011 in “InTech eBooks” High S100B protein levels indicate poor survival in advanced melanoma.
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July 2007 in “Dermatologic clinics” Facial dark spots can be caused by the sun, genetics, makeup, or medicine, and are diagnosed by patient history and skin tests.
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October 2019 in “International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology” Zebrafish help understand genetic causes of skin pigment disorders like albinism.
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February 2001 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” A specific DNA region controls skin cell gene expression by working with certain proteins.
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December 2010 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Human skin cells produce proenkephalin, which changes with environmental factors and skin diseases.
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July 2013 in “Acta Biochimica Polonica” Chemotherapy reduces splenic melanin in mice.
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March 2000 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences” Overexpressing GLI-1 in mice skin can cause tumors like human basal cell carcinomas.
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January 2019 in “Micron” Fetal hair follicles have melanocytes with melanosomes at different stages, which are broken down into pigment particles in keratinocytes.
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August 1998 in “Carcinogenesis” High levels of ODC and a mutant Ha-ras gene cause tumors in mice.
Melatonin reduces BMP2 gene expression in goat hair follicles during the resting period.
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April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Blocking casein kinase 1 in skin cells can help melanocyte precursors move better, potentially helping with conditions like vitiligo or gray hair.
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January 1985 in “Journal of Human Evolution/Journal of human evolution” Human skin and hair color variation is mainly due to melanin produced by a few genes, with melanin protecting against sun damage.
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January 2005 in “Experimental dermatology” Melatonin receptors in hair follicles help regulate hair growth and could treat hair loss.
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December 2006 Tribulus terrestris extract significantly increases MSH expression and melanin production in mouse hair follicles.
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September 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Removing Dicer from pigment cells in newborn mice causes early hair graying and changes in cell migration molecules.
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December 1991 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” Keratin gene regulation is similar across mammals, affecting hair follicle differentiation.