34 citations
,
April 2023 in “Climacteric” Gender-affirming hormone therapy affects health risks and requires careful management, especially as transgender individuals age.
13 citations
,
June 2018 in “Journal of Womens Health” Combination therapy with oral contraceptives and spironolactone improves hair growth, menstrual issues, and acne in women with PCOS.
3 citations
,
September 2014 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Menopause often leads to lower sexual desire and discomfort during sex, but treatment should be personalized and only if it bothers the woman.
1 citations
,
January 2024 in “Journal of personalized medicine” Hormonal imbalances during menopause may significantly contribute to Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia.
July 2023 in “Health science reports” Alopecia Areata is linked to a higher risk of several diseases, which vary with age and sex.
January 2017 in “Elsevier eBooks” Sex hormones affect reproduction, sexual development, and oral health, and it's important for dental practitioners to understand their effects and interactions.
120 citations
,
June 2008 in “American Journal of Epidemiology” A simple screening method found that 6.3% of women in a semiurban area in Sri Lanka have polycystic ovary syndrome, with most showing menstrual irregularities.
86 citations
,
May 2013 in “American journal of obstetrics and gynecology” Gynecologists should provide comprehensive care for transgender patients, including mental health evaluation, hormone therapy, and surgical options, while monitoring for side effects and ensuring patient safety.
2 citations
,
July 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Sex hormones likely don't affect atopic dermatitis in adolescents and adults.
42 citations
,
May 2007 in “Endocrinology and metabolism/American journal of physiology: endocrinology and metabolism” Testosterone can build muscle and bone without enlarging the prostate when a specific enzyme is blocked.
35 citations
,
June 2018 in “Urology” The review suggests younger men taking 1 mg finasteride report more side effects, including sexual, skin, metabolic, and psychological issues.
February 2026 in “British Journal of Sports Medicine” Transgender women have similar fitness to cisgender women, while transgender men have higher fat and lower strength than cisgender men; hormone therapy affects body composition and strength.
October 2025 in “Contribuciones a las Ciencias Sociales” Alopecia in transgender individuals on hormone therapy can worsen emotional distress and affect self-esteem.
July 2025 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” The guideline emphasizes a multidisciplinary approach and informed consent for gender-affirming hormone treatment, with regular follow-ups and individualized care.
July 2023 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves physical performance in trans men to the level of cisgender men, while in trans women, it increases fat mass and decreases muscle mass, with no advantage in physical performance after 2 years.
855 citations
,
June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
January 1977 in “Case Reports in Medicine” Steroid cell tumors in the ovary are rare, can produce testosterone causing symptoms, and are mainly treated with surgery.
29 citations
,
October 2020 in “eLife” Higher testosterone levels can increase the risk of certain diseases like type 2 diabetes in women and prostate cancer in men, but can also protect against autoimmune diseases and hair loss. It also affects body fat and bone density.
January 2015 in “Side effects of drugs annual” The document concludes that sex hormones and related compounds have various effects on health, with both potential benefits and risks.
15 citations
,
June 2020 in “Experimental Dermatology” Hormones and genes affect hair growth and male baldness.
1 citations
,
May 2025 in “Scientific Reports” Sex hormones do not cause oral lichen planus.
Oral lichen planus is not linked to sex hormone levels.
58 citations
,
November 2020 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” SHBG may be a useful early indicator and treatment target for PCOS.
2 citations
,
November 2012 in “InTech eBooks” The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.
20 citations
,
January 2012 in “Journal of Steroids & Hormonal Science” The document concludes that there are still unknowns about the effectiveness, risks, and detection of performance-enhancing drugs, and doping remains a challenge.
9 citations
,
November 2017 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Men need higher doses of botox than women and a different approach for facial aesthetics due to their unique facial features and muscle mass.
May 2015 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Young men taking finasteride for hair loss have a higher risk of sexual dysfunction.
July 2019 in “International journal of contemporary medical research” Men with genetic hair loss are more likely to have abnormal blood lipid levels, especially if the hair loss is severe.
87 citations
,
May 2018 in “Scientific Reports” Higher free testosterone levels in men are linked to a stronger immune response, not weaker.
51 citations
,
January 1989 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Men with male-pattern baldness have more androgen receptors in their scalp's oil glands, which may contribute to hair loss.