24 citations
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October 2012 in “The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology” Testosterone protects female heart cells from stress by activating estrogen receptors.
9 citations
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March 2018 in “International journal of molecular sciences” Allopregnanolone changes gene expression in glioblastoma cells.
January 2022 in “Wiadomości lekarskie (Warsaw Poland)” MSM reduces hair loss and promotes hair growth in male mice.
72 citations
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October 1998 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.
11 citations
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August 2007 in “Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters” Scientists made a chemical (compound 4e) that can be applied on skin to reduce oil production, which can help with acne, but it might cause skin sensitivity to light.
18 citations
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December 2005 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” A brominated phenoxy compound effectively inhibits a human enzyme and shows potential for clinical use.
March 2025 in “International Journal of Trichology” Oral minoxidil improved hair thickness in a person with monilethrix.
2 citations
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January 2019 in “Annals of Dermatology” Melandrium firmum extract helps mice grow hair by blocking a hair loss enzyme and changing hair growth genes.
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June 2017 in “Steroids” New chemical compounds were made that effectively block an enzyme linked to prostate growth.
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October 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Testosterone therapy seems safe and effective for transgender men with proper care, but more long-term research is needed.
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November 1998 in “PubMed” 11 citations
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October 2002 in “Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior” Formalin-induced pain increases testosterone breakdown in the rat brain and spinal cord.
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January 2017 in “Endocrinology” Genetic defects in testosterone production can cause hormonal and developmental disorders, and more research is needed to understand androgen regulation and develop safer treatments.
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May 1982 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” These drugs cause hair growth without affecting testosterone or adrenal hormones.
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December 2021 in “Androgens” Testosterone and its metabolites affect brain functions and could help treat neurological disorders.
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January 2024 in “http://isrctn.com/” Teak leaf extract hair tonic was tested for hair growth and safety.
29 citations
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October 2020 in “eLife” Higher testosterone levels can increase the risk of certain diseases like type 2 diabetes in women and prostate cancer in men, but can also protect against autoimmune diseases and hair loss. It also affects body fat and bone density.
Testosterone works in different ways, including direct interaction with its receptor, conversion to other hormones for specific effects on genitalia, hair, bones, and muscle, and changes in body fat and sexual function when low.
14 citations
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April 2024 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” 5α-reductases increase epitestosterone's effect on androgen receptors.
September 2025 in “Journal of Medical Case Reports” Finasteride is safe and effective for hair loss in transgender men, but may affect testosterone therapy.
14 citations
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January 2022 in “Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine” Cryptotanshinone may help treat postmenopausal osteoporosis and protect kidneys.
Increased free testosterone can lead to stronger bones and less body fat but also higher risks of prostate cancer, hair loss, spine issues, and high blood pressure.
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December 2012 in “PubMed” 13 citations
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January 1997 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” Human liver enzyme DHEA ST helps process minoxidil.
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March 2007 in “Journal of Chromatography B” Hair analysis can detect testosterone in horses after drug administration.
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January 1987 in “Carcinogenesis” TCDD changes skin cell growth and keratin production in mice.
June 2023 in “Biological & clinical sciences research journal” Combining methotrexate with low-dose prednisone is more effective for hair regrowth in alopecia areata totalis.
January 2015 in “International Journal of Pharma and Bio Sciences” Tridax procumbens is a versatile herb with many health benefits.