January 2026 in “PubMed Central” Clobetasol is more effective than metformin for treating localized alopecia areata.
6 citations
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August 2013 in “한국응용생명화학회지” Certain natural compounds can block an enzyme linked to prostate enlargement and hair loss, showing potential for new treatments.
46 citations
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August 2006 in “PubMed” A genetic defect causes males in some Mediterranean populations to be born with ambiguous genitalia and develop male traits at puberty.
1 citations
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January 2018 in “Journal of SAFOMS” A rare ovarian tumor can cause unusual male-like symptoms, but surgery usually leads to a good outcome.
31 citations
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September 2006 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics” New treatments for PCOS focus on insulin resistance and reducing testosterone levels, along with traditional hormone therapies.
155 citations
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October 2002 in “The FASEB Journal” Heart-specific steroid metabolism is crucial in cardiac hypertrophy.
4 citations
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February 2011 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” Metformin and thiazolidinediones are similarly effective for PCOS, but metformin is often preferred due to fewer side effects.
74 citations
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January 2006 in “Endocrine journal” Low-dose gonadotropin treatment is effective for infertility in women with PCOS, leading to high ovulation rates and comparable pregnancy rates with fewer complications.
3 citations
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March 2019 in “Post Reproductive Health” Testosterone replacement can help menopausal women with various symptoms, but should be used carefully and is not yet officially licensed in the UK for women.
5 citations
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August 2018 in “Ocular immunology and inflammation” Methotrexate side effects vary by race and sex.
March 2023 in “Reactions Weekly” 33 citations
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May 2017 in “Journal of Clinical Oncology” ETC-159 was safe up to 30 mg, but no tumor shrinkage was seen.
18 citations
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August 2019 in “Clinical breast cancer” Local hormonal treatment for vulvovaginal atrophy is likely safe for women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer on aromatase inhibitors.
November 2023 in “JCEM Case Reports” A postmenopausal woman's excess male hormone symptoms improved after her ovaries were removed.
10 citations
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October 2018 in “Dermatologic Therapy” The lotion with equol, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, and propionyl-l-carnitine was effective in reducing hair loss in men and women.
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December 1998 in “PubMed” Surgery on a 68-year-old woman with an ovarian tumor led to reduced hirsutism and normal testosterone levels.
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January 1986 in “PubMed” Spironolactone improved symptoms in women with hormonal imbalances and had few side effects.
November 2025 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Spironolactone and metformin work similarly for PCOS symptoms, but more research is needed.
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February 2006 in “American journal of physiology. Cell physiology” Steroid sex hormones activate matriptase in prostate cancer cells but not in breast cancer cells.
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October 2016 in “European Neuropsychopharmacology”
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January 2015 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Progesterone byproduct 5αP stimulates mammary tumor growth, but finasteride can suppress it.
1 citations
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January 1979 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Cyproterone acetate effectively treats hirsutism and related conditions.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Taking biotin can lead to incorrect low results in free testosterone tests.
January 2026 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Wedelolactone may help treat inflammation, infections, cancer, bone loss, and organ damage.
20 citations
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June 2007 in “Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery” Certain inhibitors can potentially treat prostate cancer and other hormone-dependent conditions by controlling sex hormone levels in cells.
46 citations
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August 1990 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Ketoconazole reduced hair growth and improved acne in women, but caused side effects needing careful monitoring.
1 citations
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July 2021 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” 11-oxyandrogens are linked to excess hair growth in PCOS, but don't help diagnose it.
29 citations
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September 2023 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Semaglutide helps obese PCOS patients lose weight and improve health.
6 citations
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November 1997 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Women with acne and irregular periods had higher active testosterone levels, which could suggest the usefulness of antiandrogen treatment.