6 citations
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November 1997 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Women with acne and irregular periods had higher active testosterone levels, which could suggest the usefulness of antiandrogen treatment.
15 citations
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January 2002 in “Gynecological endocrinology” Hormones affect skin aging and fat distribution, and treatments can help, but only minoxidil is proven for female hair loss.
108 citations
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April 2004 in “Medicinal Research Reviews” Steroid sulfatase inhibitors could help treat hormone-related disorders and cancers.
29 citations
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October 2020 in “Environmental health perspectives” Five preservatives may disrupt hormone function and need more health and environmental risk assessment.
Compounded topical minoxidil works better and is more tolerated than over-the-counter minoxidil for treating hair loss in Black women.
31 citations
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January 2017 in “Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology” Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.
115 citations
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March 2001 in “Baillière's best practice and research in clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Key enzymes control androgen levels, affecting hormone activity and potential treatments.
October 2007 in “Postgraduate obstetrics & gynecology” Testosterone therapy can help postmenopausal women with low sexual desire but needs more safety research and should be used with estrogen therapy.
December 2022 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications” HtrA2 activity is crucial for normal hair growth by regulating fat cell development.
30 citations
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March 2015 in “PLoS ONE” Thyroxine can adjust the body's peripheral clock, potentially helping treat clock-related diseases.
83 citations
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July 2004 in “Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior” Higher 3α,5α-THP levels in the brain may reduce depression in pregnant rats.
December 2025 in “Molecules” A new method effectively detects trace sex hormones in cosmetics, ensuring safety.
3 citations
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August 2022 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” TSC2-/meth cells can cause skin lesions, hair growth, and lung issues, and may be treated with chromatin remodeling agents.
25 citations
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September 2005 in “International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience” Morphine increases testosterone breakdown in the rat brain and spinal cord.
1 citations
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April 2022 in “Emergency Medicine Australasia” The document concludes that respectful, gender-affirming healthcare improves mental health and encourages continued medical care for transgender and non-binary individuals.
16 citations
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August 1989 in “Human Reproduction” Hirsutism in females is caused by high male hormones or sensitive hair follicles.
10 citations
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December 2019 in “in Vivo” Testosterone makes the connections in the uterus lining simpler and lowers certain protein levels, which might lead to infertility.
January 2006 in “Benzina: Revista d'excepcions culturals” Trienones are more effective at inhibiting the enzyme linked to hair loss than dienones.
59 citations
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February 1998 in “Chemico-Biological Interactions” Minoxidil breakdown varies by enzymes, affecting hair loss treatment effectiveness.
October 2025 in “Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)” Hormone therapies improve mental health and quality of life for those with gender dysphoria.
4 citations
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February 2023 in “International Journal of Stem Cells” The FTO gene hinders stem cells in hair follicles from becoming pigment cells.
14 citations
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January 2018 in “Advances in Clinical Chemistry” The document concludes that hormonal biomarkers are key for diagnosing hyperandrogenemia in women and hypogonadism in men.
6 citations
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August 2009 in “Mini-reviews in Medicinal Chemistry” Different drugs can treat high male hormone levels in women, but they have various effects and some may harm a fetus.
321 citations
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January 2012 in “Cell stem cell” TGF-β2 helps activate hair follicle stem cells by counteracting BMP signals.
16 citations
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February 1978 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Dihydrotestosterone specifically binds to hamster sebaceous glands, with a higher affinity than testosterone.
1 citations
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January 2003 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents” Steroid sulfatase inhibitors could potentially treat hormone-related disorders like certain cancers, hair loss, acne, and improve cognitive dysfunction.
56 citations
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February 2013 in “International Journal of Molecular Medicine” Growth factors help hair follicle stem cells grow and stay versatile.
November 2023 in “Journal of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine.” Methotrexate is effective for rheumatoid arthritis but can cause side effects.
August 2025 in “BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology” The LTF gene may help predict and manage nonspecific orbital inflammation.
February 2023 in “riUfes (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo)” High testosterone affects blood vessel function, with estrogen playing a key role in maintaining heart health.