2 citations
,
March 2025 in “Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science” Testosterone is important for women's health, but more research is needed to guide its use.
18 citations
,
May 2014 in “Menopause” A 5 mg dose of transdermal testosterone cream effectively restores testosterone levels in postmenopausal women.
24 citations
,
December 2016 in “Psychiatric Clinics of North America” Transgender women can develop feminine traits and improve their quality of life through hormone therapy and surgery, but results vary and access to surgery can be limited.
6 citations
,
October 2011 in “ISRN Ophthalmology” Higher testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels may help diagnose meibomian gland dysfunction.
31 citations
,
September 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Testosterone therapy may slightly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women, but its long-term safety is unknown.
6 citations
,
November 2010 in “Histochemistry and cell biology” The proteins transthyretin and megalin are more present in the growth phase of hair, suggesting they might affect hair health and growth.
February 2026 in “British Journal of Sports Medicine” Transgender women have similar fitness to cisgender women, while transgender men have higher fat and lower strength than cisgender men; hormone therapy affects body composition and strength.
10 citations
,
April 2006 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.
July 2023 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves physical performance in trans men to the level of cisgender men, while in trans women, it increases fat mass and decreases muscle mass, with no advantage in physical performance after 2 years.
48 citations
,
January 2005 in “Treatments in Endocrinology” 34 citations
,
April 2023 in “Climacteric” Gender-affirming hormone therapy affects health risks and requires careful management, especially as transgender individuals age.
34 citations
,
October 2018 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Hormone treatments can help with women's skin and hair disorders, but they need careful monitoring and more research.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone may effectively suppress testosterone in some transfeminine individuals.
7 citations
,
March 2012 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Some thymic peptides can increase human hair growth, while others may inhibit it.
September 2023 in “Biology of reproduction” New testosterone analogs show promise for male contraception with better activity and potentially fewer side effects.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Alpha-MSH affects mitochondrial function, and MC1R mutations may increase skin aging.
18 citations
,
March 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Estrogen increases blood vessel growth factor production, while testosterone blocks this increase.
36 citations
,
October 2009 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Two new compounds were found to build bone and muscle without affecting reproductive organs and skin oil glands.
7 citations
,
May 2019 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Transgender and nonbinary individuals experience hair loss, with transmen on testosterone seeing more severe hair loss, while feminizing hormones may stabilize hair loss in transwomen.
24 citations
,
September 1996 in “Mycoses” Androgenic steroids can slow down or stop the growth of certain skin fungi.
4 citations
,
July 2021 in “Dermatology and therapy” Hormone therapy increases facial and body hair in transgender men, while hair removal improves well-being in transgender women, but cost is a barrier as insurance often doesn't cover it. Dermatologists can use various treatments for these hair issues.
1 citations
,
September 2023 in “AACE clinical case reports” Testosterone pellets might work for transgender men's hormone therapy, but more research is needed.
April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Inclusive and affirming healthcare is essential for improving transgender individuals' quality of life and health.
January 2025 in “ARC Journal of Dermatology” Transgender youth on hormone therapy need personalized acne treatments and supportive care.
April 2023 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Blocking a key energy pathway in human hair follicles can trigger stress responses that stop cell growth.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone can lower testosterone in some transfeminine people.
11 citations
,
September 2015 in “Theriogenology” Testosterone boosts fluid and electrolyte secretion in seminal vesicles, aiding sperm function.
11 citations
,
September 2012 in “Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Testosterone therapy seems safe for short-term use in postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but more research on long-term effects is needed.
37 citations
,
February 2010 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Androgen self-administration might be controlled by membrane receptors, not nuclear ones.
July 2015 in “Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas” A woman experienced excessive hair growth after using a hair loss treatment with minoxidil.