12 citations
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January 1991 in “Archives of dermatological research” Male hormones control a specific gene in hamster skin, with different hormones having varying effects.
8 citations
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March 2008 in “Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift/Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift” Adding estrogen increased bone mass in a transsexual man undergoing hormone therapy.
29 citations
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May 2013 in “Andrologia” Cross-sex hormone treatment in transsexual individuals helps understand how sex hormones affect diseases like heart disease and diabetes.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A transman experienced lasting virilization symptoms after stopping testosterone, which were resolved with estradiol treatment.
12 citations
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August 2011 in “European Journal of Endocrinology” Anti-Müllerian hormone is a specific marker for ovarian issues in women with conditions like PCOS.
January 2015 in “Side effects of drugs annual” The document concludes that sex hormones and related compounds have various effects on health, with both potential benefits and risks.
5 citations
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June 2004 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone therapy can improve sexual satisfaction and mood in surgically menopausal women when used with estrogen, but its long-term safety and effects on naturally menopausal and premenopausal women are unclear.
3 citations
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March 2019 in “Post Reproductive Health” Testosterone replacement can help menopausal women with various symptoms, but should be used carefully and is not yet officially licensed in the UK for women.
33 citations
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January 2014 in “Pediatric Research”
15 citations
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February 2019 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Australian doctors experienced in adult transgender healthcare mostly prescribe intramuscular testosterone and oral estradiol, recommend mental health assessments before hormone therapy, and support improved training and guidelines.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Hormone Replacement Therapy improves skin health in postmenopausal women by boosting collagen and hydration.
21 citations
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April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Transgender patients need proper skin care, especially when undergoing hormone treatments, to manage issues like acne and hair loss.
August 2013 in “Fertility and sterility” Metformin can help diagnose and treat high testosterone levels in women, often due to insulin resistance rather than a tumor.
21 citations
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December 2012 in “Maturitas” Testosterone implants in women require pharmacological dosing to be effective and are generally safe and well-tolerated.
27 citations
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February 2017 in “Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology” New compounds were found to help increase hair growth and decrease hair loss.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman developed male characteristics after using unregulated hormone therapy.
September 2004 in “Experimental dermatology” Melatonin directly affects mouse hair follicles and may influence hair growth.
75 citations
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February 2016 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Androgens play a role in female sexual function, and testosterone therapy can help women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on treatments and long-term safety.
December 2025 in “Seven Editora eBooks” Properly monitored hormone therapy can improve life quality, but misuse can cause serious health issues.
June 2023 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Gender-affirming hormone therapy changes hair growth in transgender people, with feminizing therapy reducing hair and masculinizing therapy increasing it, but sometimes additional treatment is needed.
February 2016 in “PubMed” Properly administered testosterone therapy is safe and effective but often not covered by insurance.
81 citations
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May 2007 in “Fertility and Sterility” Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.
31 citations
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January 1995 in “The American journal of medicine” Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone play a role in women's health issues like excess hair and baldness, and treatments blocking these hormones may help.
15 citations
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October 2010 in “Archives of Toxicology” A yeast-based test can detect the steroid methyltestosterone in urine longer than traditional methods.
1 citations
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November 2023 in “American journal of clinical pathology” Transgender men on testosterone therapy need ongoing gynecologic care due to potential cancer risks.
155 citations
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October 2002 in “The FASEB Journal” Heart-specific steroid metabolism is crucial in cardiac hypertrophy.
24 citations
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March 2003 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Androgens, male hormones, play a role in both men and women's health, and testosterone therapy can help women with low levels, but it's not suitable for pregnant or lactating women, or those with certain conditions.
49 citations
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February 2009 in “Maturitas” Short-term testosterone therapy in women seems safe with few mild side effects, but long-term effects need more research.
2 citations
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April 2023 in “Pharmaceuticals” Testosterone therapy for postmenopausal women appears safe and may protect against heart disease, but requires constant monitoring and more research for long-term effects.
7 citations
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August 1985 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” Medroxyprogesterone acetate injections are more effective than topical ointment in treating excessive hair growth in women.