38 citations
,
October 2011 in “Analytical biochemistry” Hair proteins have weak spots in their α-helical segments.
36 citations
,
November 2019 in “Molecular biology and evolution” Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.
8 citations
,
May 2021 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” A COVID-19 patient had unusual nail discoloration and nail separation possibly due to the virus's effects on small blood vessels.
7 citations
,
February 1998 in “Polymer journal” Keratin structure in hair is stable at pH 5-6 but disrupts between pH 6-7.
6 citations
,
September 2017 in “Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders” Nail loss may be a side effect of the MS drug teriflunomide.
3 citations
,
June 2022 in “European journal of human genetics” A new type of pachyonychia congenita linked to a specific keratin gene mutation was found in two Pakistani families.
3 citations
,
January 2019 in “Annals of dermatology/Annals of Dermatology” Hydroxychloroquine effectively treated twenty-nail dystrophy in a patient with alopecia areata.
Hair keratin treatments can be harmful, potentially causing health issues like skin reactions and cancer.
March 2026 in “Scholars Journal of Medical Case Reports” Nail issues are common in kids with alopecia areata and should be checked for better diagnosis.
December 2022 in “Journal of medical sciences and health” Examining nail biopsies is useful for diagnosing nail diseases.
January 2015 in “Dermatology online journal” A man with total hair loss also developed a rare nail condition, likely due to autoimmune issues.
156 citations
,
January 1989 in “Genes & Development” Keratin expression reflects cell organization and differentiation, not causes it.
30 citations
,
April 2017 in “Journal of structural biology” Human hair keratin fibers have a detailed nano-scale structure that changes with different conditions.
32 citations
,
February 1998 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Two specific hair keratin genes are active during hair growth and decline as hair transitions to rest.
169 citations
,
May 2006 in “Genes & Development” Keratin 17 is crucial for normal hair growth by regulating hair cycle transitions with TNFα.
76 citations
,
May 2011 in “Cell death and differentiation” A20 protein is crucial for normal skin and hair development.
54 citations
,
January 2013 in “Journal of Biological Macromolecules” A new method effectively separates keratin-associated proteins and keratin from human hair.
32 citations
,
April 2014 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Loss of keratin K2 causes skin problems and inflammation.
29 citations
,
November 2011 in “Veterinary pathology” The study found that mouse sweat glands develop before birth, mature after birth, and have specific keratin patterns.
27 citations
,
April 2018 in “Scientific Reports” Psoriasis patients' immune response to a hair protein depends on their specific gene type.
26 citations
,
May 2014 in “BioEssays” Using neurohormones to control keratin can lead to new skin disease treatments.
21 citations
,
January 2018 in “PLoS Genetics” Certain genetic variants in keratins increase the risk of tooth decay.
19 citations
,
August 2012 in “Cell death and differentiation” Intu gene is crucial for hair follicle formation by helping keratinocytes differentiate through primary cilia.
17 citations
,
August 2018 in “BMC Genomics” The HOXC13 gene affects different hair proteins in cashmere goats in varied ways and is controlled by a feedback loop and other factors.
17 citations
,
September 2010 in “Pediatric dermatology” A 15-year-old with KID syndrome developed a rare skin condition called PEHFN.
11 citations
,
September 2012 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” A mutation in the KRT71 gene causes a hair disorder by disrupting hair follicle structure and texture.
7 citations
,
December 2008 in “Expert Review of Dermatology” The document concludes that various childhood hair and nail disorders exist, some may improve on their own, and advances in genetics and immunology could enhance treatment and counseling.
2 citations
,
January 2011 in “Dental Medicine Research” Keratin 75 might be important in oral cancer progression.
December 2018 in “IntechOpen eBooks” Neurohormones help control skin health and could treat skin disorders.
September 2018 in “Cosmetics” Inositol and arginine solutions improve hair follicle health and turnover.