35 citations
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January 2018 in “Skin pharmacology and physiology” Nanoemulsion creams with certain enhancers can greatly increase caffeine delivery through skin.
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July 1999 in “Journal of Anatomy” Methylene blue staining effectively reveals detailed nerve structures in rat snouts.
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May 2011 in “BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology” Hair follicles greatly increase caffeine absorption through the skin shortly after it's applied.
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July 2005 in “Drugs and the pharmaceutical sciences” Targeting drugs to hair follicles can treat skin conditions, but reaching deep follicle areas is hard and needs more research.
3 citations
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September 2005 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Different oils penetrate hair differently; monounsaturated oils like olive oil penetrate better than polyunsaturated oils.
April 2026 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” A new microneedle patch significantly improves melanoma treatment by using a special material to activate cancer-fighting drugs and disrupt cancer cells.
39 citations
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November 2013 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Massage increases how deep both rigid and flexible liposomes can go into skin, with flexible ones going deeper, and covering the skin (occlusion) helps rigid ones more.
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June 2011 in “Journal of applied polymer science” L-phenylalanine and hydrolyzed eggwhite protein deeply penetrate human hair.
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September 2024 in “AAPS PharmSciTech” Transcutol® helps drugs penetrate the skin more effectively in various formulations.
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May 2009 in “BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology” Caffeine penetrates human skin in lab tests similarly to real-life conditions, but actual skin use is still essential for accurate results.
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July 2015 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Lipid nanoparticles can help deliver drugs through hair follicles but struggle to penetrate deeper skin layers.
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January 2021 in “Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation” Ethnic differences in skin and hair affect penetration minimally, but cultural habits matter in product development.
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June 2016 in “Computers in Biology and Medicine” Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate penetrates skin better in the stratum corneum than in the infundibulum.
April 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” QMSI is a valuable method for studying drug penetration in skin tissues.
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July 1999 in “Journal of Anatomy” Methylene blue staining effectively highlights detailed nerve structures in rat fur.
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January 1994 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Hair follicles and glands significantly increase steroid absorption in skin.
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February 2009 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Pig ear skin is better than human skin for testing how well barrier creams block allergens from entering hair follicles.
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January 2018 in “PubMed” Biodegradable microneedle patches help topical steroids work better for prurigo nodularis.
September 1997 in “International Society of Hair Restoration Surgery” 3 citations
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July 2019 in “Fibers And Polymers/Fibers and polymers”
October 2012 in “Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft” Post-implantation erythema is a red skin condition after medical device implantation that sometimes goes away on its own.
The new microneedle system safely delivers finasteride through the skin to treat hair loss.
October 2025 in “Transplantation” Dissolving microneedles with finasteride improve drug delivery for hair loss treatment.
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January 2017 in “Springer eBooks” Hair follicles are important for drug delivery through the skin, but better methods are needed to understand and improve this process.
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January 2007 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Caffeine in shampoo quickly enters the body through hair follicles.
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August 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The new "differential stripping" method effectively measures how much substance gets into hair follicles.
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May 2020 in “Pharmaceutical Research” Heat and chemicals improve finasteride delivery to scalp and hair follicles, potentially enhancing treatment for hair loss.
January 2026 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Microneedling can weaken hair in some AGA patients.
April 2024 in “International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research” Natural permeation enhancers help emulgels deliver drugs through the skin more effectively.