The arrector pili muscle plays a key role in hair loss in androgenetic alopecia.
September 1997 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” The document concludes that treatments like oral anti-androgens, minoxidil, and topical spironolactone can be effective for hair loss in men and women.
18 citations
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February 2012 in “Experimental Dermatology” No link found between specific genes and female pattern hair loss.
27 citations
,
October 2001 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” Researchers found new potential but less potent rat enzyme inhibitors using a 3D model.
1 citations
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November 1996 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” Hormones, especially androgens, play a key role in causing acne, and treatments like hormone control pills and hormone-blocking medications can help.
13 citations
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May 1998 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” LH and hCG reduce certain protein levels in women's skin.
September 1997 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” New treatment improves male hair loss.
December 2025 in “International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science” Effective treatments for hair loss include minoxidil, 5α-reductase inhibitors, and personalized combination therapies.
50 citations
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March 2001 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Genes and hormones cause hair loss, with four genes contributing equally.
2 citations
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January 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Androgen signaling reduces Wnt activity, affecting prostate stem cell growth.
9 citations
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September 2002 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” Blocking testosterone speeds up wound healing in males.
August 2013 in “Nature Reviews Drug Discovery” New treatments for cancer and skin disorders show promise in disrupting harmful cell interactions and promoting hair growth.
January 2014 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” The research found that certain genes are linked to male pattern baldness, but these same genes do not affect female pattern hair loss.
December 2023 in “Frontiers in pharmacology” Progesterone initially worsens but later reduces neuropathic pain in mice, through different mechanisms.
1 citations
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May 2017 in “InTech eBooks” Hair loss in Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is due to altered cell sensitivity to hormones, not increased hormone levels. Hair growth periods shorten over time, causing hair to become thinner and shorter. This is linked to miscommunication between cell pathways in hair follicles. There's also a change in gene expression related to blood vessels and cell growth in balding hair follicles. The exact molecular causes of AGA are still unclear.
September 2004 in “Fertility and Sterility” Norplant implants lower some androgen levels but don't significantly change sexual function.
3 citations
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December 2021 in “Physiological Research” Low testosterone may increase COVID-19 severity in men.
November 2025 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Botanical treatments like saw palmetto, rosemary oil, and ginseng may help reduce hair loss in menopausal women.
21 citations
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January 2015 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Progesterone byproduct 5αP stimulates mammary tumor growth, but finasteride can suppress it.
75 citations
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May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Male hormones are important for hair and oil gland development and can cause conditions like excessive hair growth and acne.
May 2024 in “Skin research and technology” Certain metabolites can either protect against or increase the risk of hair loss.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”
June 2024 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Increased cell death and reduced cell growth in hair follicles contribute to baldness.
35 citations
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May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” The exact cause of increased 5α-reductase activity leading to hirsutism in women is still unknown.
November 2012 in “Endocrine Practice” Enzymes called 5α-reductases have many body functions and need more research to safely use inhibitors.
September 2023 in “Biology of reproduction” New testosterone analogs show promise for male contraception with better activity and potentially fewer side effects.
53 citations
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June 1993 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” LY191704 is a compound that effectively blocks a specific enzyme involved in hormone conversion and could help treat enlarged prostate and hair loss.
26 citations
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October 2016 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Hormonal treatments can improve acne, but they come with potential side effects and risks.
24 citations
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September 1996 in “Mycoses” Androgenic steroids can slow down or stop the growth of certain skin fungi.
36 citations
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June 2014 in “PLOS ONE” Finasteride, a hair loss drug, may cause long-term sexual side effects due to changes in hormone receptor levels.