Androgen receptor overexpression can increase prostate cancer cell growth even without hormones.
May 2012 in “Journal of Clinical Oncology” Taking 5-alpha reductase inhibitors might be linked to breast cancer in men.
46 citations
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November 2019 in “Journal of Integrative Plant Biology” CaM7 and CNGC14 interaction controls root hair growth in Arabidopsis.
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December 2020 in “Mammalian genome” Harlequin mutant mice have hair loss due to low AIF protein levels and retroviral element activity.
November 2022 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Deleting the CD271 gene in mouse skin cells leads to disorganized skin and increased hair growth, suggesting CD271 is important for skin health.
57 citations
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November 2006 in “International Journal of Cancer” A49T gene variant linked to higher prostate cancer risk, lower hormone levels, and slightly reduced balding risk.
March 2026 in “SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine” Ritlecitinib is being tested for safety and effectiveness in young children with severe alopecia areata.
53 citations
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May 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Different mutations in the 5 alpha-reductase-2 gene were found in affected individuals in the Dominican Republic, suggesting no common ancestry.
May 2025 in “CPT Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology” A 50 mg non-loading dose of ritlecitinib is safe for adults and adolescents.
September 2023 in “Dermatology and therapy” Ritlecitinib effectively improves hair growth in alopecia areata patients, regardless of hair loss pattern.
22 citations
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April 2004 in “Journal of Neurochemistry” Acute stress increases Y1 receptor gene expression in certain brain areas, but repeated stress does not.
February 2009 in “RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam)” Androgen receptor activity is influenced by hormones, co-factors, modifications, and mutations.
20 citations
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January 2017 in “Experimental Dermatology” Igf1r helps regulate hair growth cycles.
44 citations
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January 1999 in “Advances in pharmacology” The document concludes that the androgen receptor's structure and function are complex, affecting how it regulates genes and is involved in diseases like prostate cancer.
215 citations
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September 2003 in “Journal of Biological Chemistry” Vitamin D receptor and hairless protein are essential for hair growth.
September 2025 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Ritlecitinib may help treat alopecia areata by protecting hair follicles.
75 citations
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January 2004 in “Molecular and Cellular Biology” XEDAR deficiency prevents muscle degeneration in EDA-A2 transgenic mice.
42 citations
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May 1997 in “The Journal of Biochemistry” PAD type III enzyme is specific to rat skin and hair follicles.
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July 2013 in “Gene” IL-4 gene variation may increase the risk of alopecia areata in Turkish people.
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January 1986 in “Endocrinology” Blocking a specific enzyme in male rat fetuses leads to the development of nipples and feminized genitalia.
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January 2003 in “KARGER eBooks” HVDRR is caused by VDR gene mutations, leading to vitamin D resistance, treatable with high calcium doses, but alopecia remains permanent.
June 2010 in “The Knowledge Bank (The Ohio State University)” Inhibiting retinoic acid activates WNT signaling, potentially aiding hair disorder and skin cancer treatments.
24 citations
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January 1989 in “Archives of biochemistry and biophysics” Male rats have androgen receptors in their liver, which are different from proteins that bind estrogen.
6 citations
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December 2022 in “Journal of Infection” The ACE1 gene variant doesn't affect long-COVID symptoms.
96 citations
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October 2000 in “The FASEB Journal” The p75 neurotrophin receptor is important for hair follicle regression by controlling cell death.
20 citations
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January 2002 in “Laboratory Animals” Mutations in the hairless gene cause hair loss and skin cysts in rhesus macaques.
March 1998 in “Journal of dermatological science” Protease Nexin-1 is found in human hair growth cells and is affected by male hormones.
20 citations
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August 2003 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” A new genetic mutation in the hairless gene causes a rare hair loss disorder.
2 citations
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June 2024 in “Dermatology” Ritlecitinib improves hair regrowth satisfaction in alopecia areata patients.
42 citations
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September 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” A missing mK6irs1 gene causes hair loss in mice.