37 citations
,
May 2018 in “Transgender health” Oral estradiol works for many transgender women but needs personalized dosing and monitoring.
32 citations
,
December 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” 17-β-Estradiol applied to the skin stops hair growth, while ICI 182 780 helps hair grow in mice.
18 citations
,
March 2002 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Estrogen increases blood vessel growth factor production, while testosterone blocks this increase.
16 citations
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August 2014 in “International Journal of Women's Health” The estradiol valerate/dienogest oral contraceptive helps with heavy periods, may improve acne and symptoms in PCOS, and doesn't affect sexual function.
12 citations
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December 2020 in “Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology” Hormone levels in hair change during pregnancy, with progesterone increasing significantly compared to non-pregnant women.
4 citations
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January 1991 in “Journal of dermatological treatment” Goserelin and oestradiol treatment slightly improved hairiness but did not significantly change sebum production or hair characteristics in mildly hirsute women.
June 1995 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” Higher doses of oestradiol implants improve bone density in postmenopausal women.
136 citations
,
January 2004 in “Neuroscience” Testosterone increases seizure risk through its conversion to specific neurosteroids.
1 citations
,
January 2000 in “PubMed” The treatment slightly increased hair growth and was safe for most women.
May 2013 in “UTUPub (University of Turku)” Including androgens in hormone therapy may lower breast cancer risk.
May 1963 in “American journal of obstetrics and gynecology” Injecting 2 ml of TEEV every 4 weeks is better because it has the same benefits but fewer side effects.
96 citations
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September 1975 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Hormone levels change during puberty, leading to physical developments like pubic hair and voice changes.
83 citations
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February 1977 in “PubMed” Increasing light exposure in winter can make mares ovulate and cycle earlier.
71 citations
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February 2000 in “Endocrinology and metabolism/American journal of physiology: endocrinology and metabolism” Estradiol stops hair growth in mice, but an antagonist can reverse this effect.
55 citations
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June 2012 in “Steroids” Testosterone affects vascular cells directly without converting to estradiol.
49 citations
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October 1988 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Leuprolide effectively reduces hair growth in hirsute women at higher doses.
36 citations
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May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
34 citations
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November 2017 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” A transwoman developed a brain tumor after nine years of hormone therapy, suggesting a possible link between the treatment and tumor development.
31 citations
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January 1989 in “The Prostate/The prostate” Estradiol and castration reduced prostate cancer development in rats when applied at early stages, but were ineffective after cancer was established.
25 citations
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February 1977 in “American Journal of Veterinary Research” Increasing daylight to 16 hours in winter can make mares ovulate and cycle earlier.
22 citations
,
July 1990 in “Acta Dermato Venereologica” High levels of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone inhibit hair cell growth, while high levels of estradiol promote it.
19 citations
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October 2019 in “BMC Neuroscience” Blood hormone levels don't accurately show brain hormone levels in males.
18 citations
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April 2009 in “Journal of Chromatography A” Detecting steroid esters in cattle hair is inconsistent and influenced by sampling factors.
14 citations
,
August 1943 in “Archives of Dermatology” Applying estradiol to skin causes local changes but not cancer.
11 citations
,
January 2014 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Estrogen formation in hair roots affects hair growth and varies by site, gender, and age.
10 citations
,
July 2015 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Estradiol gel can cause hair loss in dogs.
9 citations
,
May 2019 in “Experimental Cell Research” HPV genes and estradiol increase a cancer-related signaling pathway, which may be targeted for cervical cancer treatment.
9 citations
,
October 1991 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” Testosterone, DHT, and estradiol significantly affect hair cell growth.
6 citations
,
February 2021 in “Journal of Ovarian Research” 150 kHz electromagnetic radiation might help improve PCOS in rats.
5 citations
,
April 2018 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Adjusting estradiol-ANGPT2 levels can promote hair growth in female pattern hair loss.