45 citations
,
January 2012 in “Experimental Dermatology” Human hair follicles switch between active and resting phases unpredictably.
32 citations
,
June 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Mice without certain skin proteins had abnormal skin and hair development.
94 citations
,
June 2016 in “The FASEB Journal” The Wnt/β-catenin pathway helps tissue regeneration but can also cause fibrosis, and drugs that inhibit this pathway may aid in healing skin and heart tissues.
August 2019 in “Journal of Medical Histology” EMT helps heal tissues but can cause scarring and other issues if prolonged.
26 citations
,
May 2014 in “BioEssays” Using neurohormones to control keratin can lead to new skin disease treatments.
76 citations
,
May 2011 in “Cell death and differentiation” A20 protein is crucial for normal skin and hair development.
129 citations
,
May 2015 in “Cell Stem Cell” Different types of stem cells exist within individual skin layers, and they can adapt to damage, transplantation, or tumor growth. These cells are regulated by their environment and genetic factors. Tumor growth is driven by expanding, genetically altered cells, not long-lived mutant stem cells. There's evidence of cancer stem cells in skin tumors. Other cells, bacteria, and genetic factors help maintain balance and contribute to disease progression. A method for growing mini organs from single cells has been developed.
April 2026 in “Journal of Dermatology Research” The skin communicates with the nervous system, and targeting neurohormones like melatonin and oxytocin could help treat skin issues.
8 citations
,
March 2025 in “Developmental Biology” Integumentary organs adapt and evolve for survival, with potential uses in regenerative medicine.
Understanding hair follicle signaling can improve hair disorder treatments.
75 citations
,
September 2009 in “Dermato-endocrinology” The skin produces and processes hormones, affecting both local and overall body functions.
245 citations
,
January 2018 in “Bone Research” TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.
137 citations
,
October 2009 in “The American journal of pathology” Matriptase is crucial for keeping epithelial tissues healthy and functioning properly.
110 citations
,
July 2017 in “Immunology” Skin's Regulatory T cells are crucial for maintaining skin health and could be targeted to treat immune-related skin diseases and cancer.
5 citations
,
January 2021 in “Frontiers in cell and developmental biology” Skin cysts might help advance stem cell treatments to repair skin.
19 citations
,
October 2007 in “Wound Repair and Regeneration” Epidermal stem cells maintain skin health through specific niches and signaling pathways.
12 citations
,
June 2020 in “Sultan Qaboos University medical journal” TRPV4 channel affects skin health and could be a target for treating skin disorders.
The vitamin D receptor has many roles in the body beyond managing calcium, affecting the immune system, hair growth, muscles, fat, bone marrow, and cancer cells.
33 citations
,
August 2014 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Keratinocytes play a key role in skin health, but more research is needed.
222 citations
,
January 2005 in “Endocrine journal” Melatonin is important for skin health and protection, and can be made by the skin or applied to it.
43 citations
,
October 2005 in “Molecular and cellular endocrinology” Hair melanocytes help the skin respond to stress and regulate hair pigmentation.
1 citations
,
September 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” HuR is essential for Treg function and preventing autoimmunity.
510 citations
,
August 2006 in “Endocrinology” The vitamin D receptor is involved in multiple body functions beyond calcium regulation, including immune response and rapid reactions not related to gene activity.
1 citations
,
January 2018 in “Stem cell biology and regenerative medicine” DNA methylation is essential for skin and hair follicle development, and could be a target for treating skin diseases.
September 2017 in “Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology” The Notch signaling pathway is important for hair follicle development and could help create treatments for hair disorders.
124 citations
,
January 2012 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” Endocannabinoids help control mast cell activity in human skin.
July 2025 in “Scientific Reports” Serotonin helps hair grow by activating certain cells.
75 citations
,
January 2004 in “Molecular and Cellular Biology” XEDAR deficiency prevents muscle degeneration in EDA-A2 transgenic mice.
October 2023 in “Apollo medicine” The skin acts like an endocrine organ, producing hormones that affect various body functions and skin health, and understanding this can lead to new treatments.
August 2021 in “Oxford University Press eBooks” The skin is a complex organ that protects the body, regulates temperature, and has roles in immunity, hormone function, and vitamin D metabolism.