Retinoic acid can change skin development, like turning scales into feathers or forming glands.
93 citations
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July 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” K25, K27, and K28 are found in all inner root sheath layers of hair, while K26 is only in the cuticle.
December 2000 in “日本組織細胞化学会総会プログラムおよび抄録集” 2 citations
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March 1994 in “Oncology Reports” Keratoacanthomas and squamous cell carcinomas have similar keratin patterns, making them hard to tell apart.
1 citations
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December 2024 in “Tissue Barriers” The epidermis is the stiffest skin layer.
19 citations
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March 2013 in “Biology Letters” Early tetrapod keratins evolved into toe pad proteins in amphibians and hair proteins in mammals.
January 1995 in “Skin Cancer” The outer root sheath in hair follicles changes during growth, with different keratinization processes in its layers.
27 citations
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December 2005 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” The malignant pilomatricoma showed strong epithelial keratin expression, suggesting it may not calcify.
March 2026 in “Mendeley Data” rwSALT accurately measures hair regrowth in alopecia areata using scalp photos.
277 citations
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October 1982 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Basal-cell epitheliomas and the pilosebaceous tract share a unique keratin, distinguishing them from other skin areas.
6 citations
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December 1990 in “PubMed” Keratinocytes in hair follicles differentiate similarly to skin cells, with specific patterns in different regions.
2 citations
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November 2006 in “Pump Industry Analyst” Pilomatricomas don't follow the usual hair follicle cell differentiation process.
March 1990 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” 23 citations
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April 2003 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Keratin structure changes during keratinization, but the exact model remains uncertain.
10 citations
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January 1989 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” The method effectively analyzes human hair proteins, especially nonfilamentous ones.
7 citations
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March 1993 in “International Journal of Oncology” Basal cell carcinoma shows keratin patterns similar to hair follicle structures.
79 citations
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February 2009 in “Human Genetics”
36 citations
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November 2019 in “Molecular biology and evolution” Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.
January 1990 in “The Nishinihon Journal of Dermatology” Follicular structures help differentiate keratoacanthoma from squamous cell carcinoma.
13 citations
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January 1985 in “International Journal of Dermatology” The document found differences in lesion distribution and microscopic features among trichostasis spinulosa and similar skin conditions.
30 citations
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November 1992 in “The Journal of Dermatology” Keratohyalin and trichohyalin proteins help form and organize skin and hair structures.
4 citations
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August 2024 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” The non-cross-linked hyaluronic acid compound effectively and safely improves keratosis pilaris.
186 citations
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December 2012 in “Current opinion in cell biology” Keratin proteins are increasingly recognized as important for cell health and are linked to many diseases.
July 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The conclusion suggests that a new system for measuring hair loss could be created using automated analysis of photographs.
19 citations
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April 1999 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Keratin 2e shows a unique pattern in developing fetal skin, different from other keratins.
52 citations
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May 2006 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Keratin-associated proteins help link filaments and affect keratin's strength.
February 2026 in “HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine” Recognizing keratosis pilaris in all skin tones helps diagnose related skin issues and reduce distress.
86 citations
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April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
January 2000 in “Zhongguo yixue wulixue zazhi” Different human hair keratin types have unique structures that affect how they dissolve and can be used to create self-tendons.
November 2022 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Human-induced stem cell-created skin models can help understand skin diseases by studying the skin's layers.