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Blocking 5α-reductase can harm memory and brain structure, and increase harmful brain changes in male mice used for Alzheimer's disease research.

Changes in testosterone and estrogen receptor genes can affect how men age, influencing body fat, hair patterns, and possibly leading to skin disorders.

The critique suggests that Wilton's work unintentionally supports the very stereotypes it aims to question and calls for a broader, more inclusive approach to understanding gender.

Finasteride helps induce ovulation in nonresponder PCOS women.

Excessive body hair in women can be caused by various conditions and treated with medication like Diane® 35 or androgen blockers.

A 12-year-old girl with very high testosterone and insulin resistance improved with birth control pills, suggesting PCOS can cause high testosterone without tumors.

An unusual growth of Leydig cells in a woman's ovaries caused her excessive hair growth, which was treated successfully with surgery.

Melasma is a skin condition linked to female hormones, genetics, UV exposure, and certain medications, but not to pituitary, adrenal, or thyroid diseases.

Hormonal therapy is effective for treating acne in adult women, especially with signs of high androgen levels.

Vitamin D may help regulate cholesterol and influence prostate cancer development.

A short male anogenital distance may indicate incomplete masculinization due to disrupted androgen action.

Postmenopausal ovary stromal cells have a unique makeup and limited steroid production, suggesting androgens come from the adrenal gland.

The document concludes that hormone therapy is essential for treating gender dysphoria, with specific drugs and monitoring protocols recommended for safety and effectiveness.

Human skin makes sexual hormones that affect hair growth, skin health, and healing; too much can cause acne and hair loss, while treatments can manage these conditions.

Testosterone can cause acne and male-pattern baldness, affects hair growth in men and women, and makes male skin more sensitive.

Androgens and androgen receptors are important for metabolic health, affecting how the body uses glucose and fats through mitochondrial function.

Environmental factors affect reproductive traits by altering the SRD5A1 gene.

Certain genes may influence hair loss differently in men and women.

Removing a testosterone-producing tumor cured a woman's sleep apnea and other symptoms.

Oestrogen does not affect adrenal androgen levels in children and adolescents.

Spironolactone does not increase cancer risk and may lower prostate cancer risk, but more research is needed.

Acneform reactions after laser hair removal occur in 6% of cases, mostly mild and short-lived, with higher risk in younger patients, those treated with Nd:YAG laser, and individuals with darker skin.

Spironolactone improved symptoms in women with hormonal imbalances and had few side effects.

Some hormone treatments might raise breast cancer risk, while others don't seem to.

SPIOMET therapy may be a promising alternative to oral contraceptives for treating adolescent PCOS.

Acanthosis nigricans in teenage girls with PCOS is a sign of obesity, not insulin resistance or glucose intolerance.

Lifestyle changes and insulin-sensitizing drugs are effective for managing PCOS.

Ultrasound and color Doppler can help diagnose and decide treatment for early puberty in young girls.

There are various effective hormone treatments for puberty induction in boys and girls with hypogonadism, and starting treatment early is important.

Insulin resistance is a complex condition that can lead to many diseases and has few treatment options.