October 2023 in “Paediatrics & child health” The document advises health care providers on how to support transgender and gender-diverse youth with appropriate care and referrals.
March 2017 in “De Gruyter eBooks” The Leechbook shows how hair and sexual health were key to medieval masculinity and some remedies may still be useful.
September 2012 in “African Journal of Urology” Testosterone replacement therapy improves libido, mood, muscle strength, and bone density in men with Testosterone Deficiency Syndrome.
January 2024 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Men's and women's pattern hair loss progress differently, with men showing more hair thinning and women having more widespread hair loss.
10 citations
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January 2019 in “Skin Research and Technology” Southern Chinese women with female pattern hair loss have less, thinner hair and smaller hair follicles.
12 citations
,
March 2010 in “Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances” Young and adult hamsters both respond similarly to testosterone and finasteride treatments, but young hamsters aren't good for testing the inhibitory activity of a specific enzyme.
Androgens increase norepinephrine release, promoting smooth muscle growth in male sex organs, which may contribute to benign prostatic hypertrophy.
December 2021 in “Skin appendage disorders” A reliable severity score for female pattern hair loss was developed and validated.
6 citations
,
January 2003 in “PubMed” Finasteride reduces prostate size and symptoms with few side effects.
11 citations
,
April 2020 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Microinflammation is more intense in smaller hair follicles and may be linked to hair loss.
November 2021 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Understanding the 2D:4D digit ratio in vitiligo patients may help in clinical assessments.
263 citations
,
February 2011 in “Journal of Controlled Release” Medium-sized particles penetrate hair follicles better than smaller or larger ones, which could improve delivery of skin treatments.
January 2020 in “Advances in Sexual Medicine” Female pattern hair loss does not significantly affect sexual dysfunction.
37 citations
,
January 1991 in “Reproductive Toxicology” Finasteride reduces male rat fertility by causing issues with copulatory plug formation.
January 2020 in “International journal of scientific research” Dermoscopy shows that varying hair shaft thickness and single hair follicles are main signs of male pattern baldness, especially in the fronto-temporal region.
July 2011 in “F1000Research” 15 citations
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May 2009 in “Steroids” Certain compounds reduced hamster flank organ size by inhibiting 5α-reductase, like finasteride, without affecting androgen receptors.
98 citations
,
November 2017 in “Elsevier eBooks” Male accessory sex glands in rats rarely develop tumors and respond to hormones.
9 citations
,
June 2014 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The study found that balding scalps have more thin hairs and larger oil glands, which might contribute to skin conditions related to hair loss.
Frontal hair in male pattern baldness shows reduced growth and thickness.
10 citations
,
February 2019 in “Toxicological Sciences” Finasteride exposure affects gene expression and anogenital distance in male rat fetuses.
86 citations
,
July 1993 in “Drugs” Finasteride treats enlarged prostate, shrinks it, improves urination, but may cause sexual dysfunction and isn't for women or children.
10 citations
,
May 2017 in “Symmetry” Higher androgen levels are linked to less asymmetry in !Kung San males.
9 citations
,
April 2017 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Different areas of the scalp have varying hair thickness, useful for different types of hair transplant needs.
January 2022 in “International Microsurgery Journal” This method effectively reconstructs scarred penopubic junctions after surgery.
94 citations
,
August 1975 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” Male pattern baldness involves smaller hair follicles, larger oil glands, and other tissue changes, but not major blood supply issues.
26 citations
,
December 2015 in “Journal of The European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” New method measures female hair loss: Female Pattern Hair Loss Severity Index (FPHL-SI).
13 citations
,
August 1995 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology” Hair follicles are smaller in people with androgenetic alopecia compared to those with normal scalps.
41 citations
,
May 2001 in “PubMed” Different thicknesses of hair strands can indicate the severity of hair thinning.
37 citations
,
November 1995 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Topical finasteride and flutamide reduce gland size and enzyme activity, with flutamide being more potent, potentially treating acne, seborrhea, hirsutism, and androgenic alopecia.