October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone may effectively suppress testosterone in some transfeminine individuals.
Cyproterone acetate with ethynyl estradiol significantly improved acne and seborrhea in women, but was less effective for hair loss and excessive hair growth.
35 citations
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July 2008 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” MPA improved hormonal imbalances and acne in women with PCOS without affecting metabolism.
Fenugreek seed extract safely reduces ovarian volume and cyst size in women with PCOS.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Skin hormone levels change significantly after menopause.
November 2007 in “Neuro-chirurgie/Neurochirurgie” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects and is more effective with added estrogens.
December 2024 in “Plant Science Today” Phyla nodiflora contains compounds that may help treat diabetes, alopecia, cancer, and anti-diuresis.
11 citations
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January 2014 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Estrogen formation in hair roots affects hair growth and varies by site, gender, and age.
2 citations
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January 2007 in “edoc (University of Basel)” Piper cubeba and Aquilaria sinensis may help prevent or treat prostate issues by balancing hormones.
May 1993 in “Drugs & Therapy Perspectives” Formestane is a preferred second-line treatment for advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women because it's effective and has fewer side effects.
A mix of Polygonatum sibiricum and Nelumbinis semen may ease menopause symptoms with fewer side effects.
Prasiola japonica extract may help reduce hair loss and promote hair growth.
5 citations
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January 2007 in “Immunopharmacology and Immunotoxicology” 17β-Estradiol boosts allergic reactions and slows thymus aging in mice.
1 citations
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July 2011 in “Climacteric” Long-term estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women can improve certain health markers, hair loss is common regardless of hormone use, stopping estrogen doesn't increase breast cancer risk, smoking does, and a balanced BMI is linked to lower mortality.
August 2022 in “Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics” Certain herbal compounds might help prevent hair loss in menopausal women by activating Vitamin D receptors.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.
July 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Herbal cosmetics are beneficial but need more testing and standardization for global use.
July 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” Herbal cosmetics are beneficial but need more testing and standardization for global use.
1 citations
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July 2025 in “Functional Foods in Health and Disease” CL22209, an Asparagus racemosus extract, safely reduces perimenopausal symptoms and balances hormones.
9 citations
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April 2018 in “Biology of reproduction” Diet changes hormone levels in pregnant ewes by affecting metabolism, not placental synthesis.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone can lower testosterone in some transfeminine people.
June 2021 in “International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine” Phytoconstituents from Cyperus Rotundus may help treat hirsutism by interacting with the 5 α reductase enzyme.
4 citations
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July 1983 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Certain hormones can reduce skin oil and hair growth, potentially helping treat acne and excessive hair in women.
4 citations
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January 2011 Phenylpropanoid sucrose esters show potential as anticancer agents.
4 citations
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January 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Progesterone reduces anxiety and depression in female mice by increasing BDNF in the brain, needing 5α-reduction and estradiol.
1 citations
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February 2026 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Herbs can help manage androgen-related conditions like hair loss and acne safely.
78 citations
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October 2003 in “Cochrane library” Cyproterone acetate with estradiol may subjectively improve excessive hair growth in women, but it's not clinically better than other treatments.
Estrogen and its receptors play a key role in hair growth, with differences between males and females.
27 citations
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October 2001 in “Journal of Medicinal Chemistry” Researchers found new potential but less potent rat enzyme inhibitors using a 3D model.