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April 1977 in “PubMed” The treatment improved acne, seborrhoea, and hirsutism, with some side effects like spotting and nervousness.
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July 2008 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” MPA improved hormonal imbalances and acne in women with PCOS without affecting metabolism.
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October 1986 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” The contraceptive reduced hair growth and altered hormone levels in hirsute women.
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January 2001 in “Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Some new progesterone derivatives are better at blocking testosterone conversion than a common drug.
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November 2015 in “Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry” Certain derivatives are more effective 5α-reductase type 2 inhibitors than finasteride.
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May 2022 in “World Journal of Biological Chemistry” Progesterone may help trans women with breast development and health, but more research is needed.
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January 2006 in “Drug Metabolism Reviews” DHEA affects multiple receptors and may help with metabolic issues, but its safety and effectiveness in humans are unclear.
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March 2021 in “F1000Research” Plant-based compounds might be effective, low-side-effect treatments for prostate cancer by blocking a specific enzyme.
July 2008 in “International journal of psychophysiology” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects in adolescent trans-girls.
11 citations
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July 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” β-estradiol slows hair growth in mice.
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May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
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January 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Progesterone reduces anxiety and depression in female mice by increasing BDNF in the brain, needing 5α-reduction and estradiol.
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March 2001 in “Environmental Health Perspectives” Small changes in hormones can significantly impact health, showing the importance of sensitive testing for chemicals that disrupt hormones.
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July 2012 in “PLOS ONE” Estrogen can temporarily slow down hair growth but this can be reversed.
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August 2021 in “Biomedicines” 17β-estradiol boosts APE1/Ref-1 secretion in cells and mice via a calcium-dependent pathway.
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October 2015 in “EFSA supporting publications” Isoflavones may help with menopause symptoms but could be risky for women with hormone-sensitive cancers.
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July 2011 in “Climacteric” Long-term estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women can improve certain health markers, hair loss is common regardless of hormone use, stopping estrogen doesn't increase breast cancer risk, smoking does, and a balanced BMI is linked to lower mortality.
January 2006 in “Benzina: Revista d'excepcions culturals” Trienones are more effective at inhibiting the enzyme linked to hair loss than dienones.
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March 2008 in “Wound Repair and Regeneration” Estrogen affects scalp cell types differently, enhancing some wound healing processes.
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November 2024 in “Plants” Phytosterols may help manage prostate issues but are less effective than synthetic drugs.
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November 2009 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Bolandiol, a synthetic steroid, builds muscle and bone without greatly affecting sex glands, and works differently from other hormones.
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January 2005 in “Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Smaller substituents at C-17 enhance the inhibitory activity of progesterone derivatives on 5alpha-reductase.
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December 2002 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Estrogens can slow skin aging after menopause, but can't restore youthful skin.
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March 2012 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Testosterone, progesterone, and levonorgestrel change enzyme levels related to fat production in hamster skin, which could affect skin oil and acne.
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January 2013 in “UNICA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Cagliari)” Hormonal contraceptives may reduce social behavior and sexual motivation by lowering allopregnanolone levels.
June 1995 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” Higher doses of oestradiol implants improve bone density in postmenopausal women.