December 2025 in “Biology Bulletin Reviews” Hair cortisol can indicate animal stress but varies with many factors.
2 citations
,
January 1966 in “American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology” More research is needed to find a cure for hair loss after pregnancy.
1 citations
,
January 2003 in “Benjamins eBooks” Confinement in farrowing crates doesn't increase chronic stress in sows, but hair cortisol measurements may not reliably indicate stress due to hair growth variations.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Hair cortisol measurement can help diagnose and monitor Cushing’s disease.
95 citations
,
September 1979 in “Acta Paediatrica” Girls have higher DHEA levels earlier in puberty than boys, indicating earlier development.
January 2026 in “SSRN Electronic Journal”
November 2009 in “Journal of Pediatric Nursing” Nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a common genetic disorder that can cause a range of symptoms and requires personalized treatment.
September 2018 in “Fertility and Sterility” African American women have a higher risk of preterm delivery than Caucasian women, and inflammatory stimuli affect gene expression in cells related to PCOS, showing a heightened inflammatory state in women with PCOS.
3 citations
,
May 1990 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Some women with excess hair growth have a hormone condition that can't be diagnosed by blood or urine tests alone.
December 2025 in “Therapeutic Drug Monitoring” Pulverization extracts more cortisol from hair, but any method works due to individual differences.
567 citations
,
October 2007 in “Clinical and investigative medicine” Hair cortisol can be used to measure long-term stress exposure.
17 citations
,
November 2017 in “Experimental physiology” Breathing in newborn rats is affected differently by hormones based on their sex.
76 citations
,
July 2009 in “Neuroscience” Neurosteroids like allopregnanolone help control cell death and growth in the developing fetal brain.
January 2018 in “Digital Scholarship - UNLV (University of Nevada Reno)” Hair cortisol levels can indicate chronic stress in children, with differences seen between races.
February 2026 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Hair cortisol concentration partly reflects HPA axis regulation but doesn't capture all its complexities.
May 2016 in “Endocrine Abstracts” Proximal hair cortisol is a reliable tool for diagnosing Cushing's Syndrome.
May 2026 in “Microchemical Journal”
10 citations
,
May 2014 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Allopregnanolone increases KCC2 expression in baby male rats' brains, while finasteride doesn't affect it.
30 citations
,
January 2001 in “Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association” High adrenal sex hormones in dogs with hypercortisolemia can mislead adrenal hyperplasia diagnosis.
December 2016 in “University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham)” Glucocorticoids reduce fat production in liver cells, while androgens increase it in females; manipulating certain enzymes can influence these effects.
18 citations
,
January 2013 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Neonatal neurosteroid levels affect adult brain function and behavior.
1 citations
,
February 2025 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Screen young women with menstrual issues, acne, or excess hair for high cortisol to avoid misdiagnosis.
2 citations
,
June 2022 in “Scientific reports” Women with PCOS have higher hair cortisol levels, which are linked to worse metabolic and inflammatory conditions.
26 citations
,
March 2009 in “Dermato-endocrinology” The document concludes that diagnosing and treating Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is complex and requires a team approach due to its effects on the skin and other symptoms.
69 citations
,
May 2016 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” External factors can significantly affect hair cortisol levels, so it's not always a reliable stress marker.
February 2025 in “Iraqi Journal of Science” PCOS patients have higher LDH and lower cortisol, dopamine, zinc, and vitamin D3, which may contribute to their symptoms and obesity.
80 citations
,
January 2011 in “Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)” Hair cortisol levels can reflect salivary cortisol levels in humans.
1 citations
,
July 2019 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Neonatal allopregnanolone and stress affect behavior differently in adolescence and adulthood.