166 citations
,
March 2007 in “Hypertension” High androgen levels in young women with PCOS are linked to higher blood pressure.
77 citations
,
June 2006 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The document concludes that accurate measurement of serum androgens is crucial for diagnosing hyperandrogenism.
67 citations
,
February 2010 in “Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica” Hirsutism is a strong sign of high male hormones and metabolic problems in women with PCOS, but acne and hair loss are not.
61 citations
,
January 2015 in “Hormones” Liraglutide caused significant weight loss in some obese women with PCOS, especially those with severe obesity and insulin resistance.
18 citations
,
January 2015 in “Journal of obesity and weight loss therapy” Eating less starch and dairy helped overweight women with PCOS lose weight and improve symptoms.
17 citations
,
September 2017 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Women with PCOS in North China often have hirsutism and acne, with hirsutism linked to metabolic issues.
16 citations
,
April 2007 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Prostate-specific antigen may be a new marker for excess male hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
14 citations
,
August 2014 in “Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism” A low-starch/low-dairy diet may help overweight women with PCOS lose weight and improve metabolism, but more research is needed.
6 citations
,
June 2017 in “Reproductive Biomedicine Online” Chinese women with PCOS have higher androgen levels, which change with age and weight.
6 citations
,
January 2017 in “Dermato-endocrinology” ADT-G may be a useful indicator of increased androgen levels in women with acne and can be lowered with certain birth control pills.
6 citations
,
July 2016 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” PSA levels are higher in women with PCOS, but FAI is a more accurate marker for diagnosis.
November 2025 in “Journal of Contemporary Medicine” Women with PCOS have higher cardiometabolic risks.
October 2025 in “Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College” Free testosterone is the most common hormone marker in PCOS, and age affects DHEAS levels.
May 2025 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Metformin lowers prolactin in men with normal hair but not in those with early hair loss.
October 2023 in “ANNALS OF PAKISTAN MEDICAL & ALLIED PROFESSIONALS” Insulin resistance is strongly linked to higher androgen levels in women with PCOS.
April 2021 in “Journal of evolution of medical and dental sciences” Women with PCOS have higher levels of certain androgens, which are good at predicting excess hair growth.
Women with androgenetic alopecia (hair loss) have normal prostate specific antigen levels but higher testosterone levels.
39 citations
,
August 2004 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics” Finasteride and CPA-EE2 equally reduce hirsutism, but affect hormone levels differently.
17 citations
,
August 2015 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” The study found that urine metabolites M1b or M4 are the best indicators of ATD use in horses, with detection possible up to 77 hours in urine and 28 hours in blood.
December 2020 in “Current Sexual Health Reports” Finasteride can have lasting negative effects on brain function and behavior by disrupting neurosteroid production.
35 citations
,
March 2012 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” The conclusion is that accurately identifying the cause of high androgen levels in women with PCOS is crucial and requires specific tests.
9 citations
,
June 2014 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” Blood AMH levels are higher in women with PCOS than in those with other similar conditions.
7 citations
,
December 2014 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” LC-MS/MS is more reliable than immunoassays for diagnosing 21-hydroxylase deficiency.
February 2021 in “Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports” A postmenopausal woman's excessive hair growth and hair loss were due to a non-cancerous ovarian condition, treated successfully with surgery.
September 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Evening primrose oil significantly improves hormone levels and reduces BMI and cholesterol in women with PCOS.
2 citations
,
October 2015 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” The woman's surgery lowered her testosterone and improved scalp hair loss but did not change her excessive body hair.
January 2018 in “Journal of translational science” Eating alfalfa sprouts every day can raise testosterone levels in middle-aged men, but broccoli sprouts don't have this effect.
19 citations
,
July 2005 in “Steroids” Testosterone increases 3α-androstanediol levels, which can be blocked by finasteride.
3 citations
,
July 2009 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” Low-dose Buserelin effectively reduces hirsutism with minimal side effects.
February 2022 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” Acanthosis nigricans in teenage girls with PCOS is a sign of obesity, not insulin resistance or glucose intolerance.