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November 2016 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A tough membrane between the outer and inner layers of human hair protects it from damage.
August 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” AVT is highly conserved and may have antimicrobial properties.
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December 2017 in “Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases” A new mutation in the ST14 gene broadens the understanding of ichthyosis-hypotrichosis syndrome.
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June 2001 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” A cluster of sulfur-rich hair protein genes was found on chromosome 17.
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January 2015 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Hair and wool strength is affected by the number and type of bonds in their protein structures, with hair having more protein aggregates than wool.
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January 2007 in “Archives of Histology and Cytology” Type IV collagen chains vary in different parts of human skin, with specific patterns linked to melanocytes.
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November 2002 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” Genetic variations in hair keratin proteins exist but don't significantly affect hair structure.
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March 2024 in “Plant physiology” GLABRA 2 controls ethylene production to help root hair growth during nutrient deficiency.
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December 2015 in “PLoS ONE” Fibroblasts can be mistaken for neural cells, so functional validation is needed.
September 2021 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Three genes linked to the development of trichilemmal cysts were found.
April 2026 in “Human Genome Variation” The MBTPS2 gene variant c.970+5G>A is a common mutation causing IFAP syndrome.
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January 2019 in “Medizinische Genetik” The document reports findings on genetic research, including ethical concerns about genome editing, improved diagnosis of mitochondrial mutations, solving inherited eye diseases, confirming gene roles in epilepsy, linking a gene to aneurysms, and identifying genes associated with age-related macular degeneration.
April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Trichohyalin in hair can trigger immune attacks in alopecia areata.
November 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Dermal IgA deposition without symptoms is rare in Dermatitis herpetiformis risk groups.
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June 2023 in “Reproduction” Microglia, the brain's immune cells, may contribute to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) by altering the female brain's structure and function, with kisspeptin neurons and GABA neurotransmitters also playing a role.
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July 2022 in “Brain and Behavior” The HtrA1L364P mutation causes brain dysfunction and blood vessel damage.
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January 2008 in “Journal of biomaterials science. Polymer ed.” The peptide GHK-Cu helps heal and remodel tissue, improves skin and hair health, and has potential for treating age-related inflammatory diseases.
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January 2021 in “ScienceAsia” Using an enzyme and keratin treatment can significantly repair and strengthen damaged hair.
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August 1984 in “Genetics Research” The N gene affects the protein makeup of mouse hair.
July 2024 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” A variant in the KRT31 gene causes a rare hereditary hair disorder called monilethrix.
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September 1985 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Trichothiodystrophy causes abnormal protein deposits and distortion in hair follicles.
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July 2023 in “Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics” Targeted protein degraders show promise in treating cancer but need to target more diverse proteins.