142 citations
,
January 2019 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology” Postpartum depression is linked to changes in brain chemicals, inflammation, stress, and certain genes, and can potentially be identified by markers like specific steroids, serotonin levels, and vitamin D levels.
September 2025 in “Journal of Psychiatry Spectrum” Mirtazapine can cause male breast enlargement.
14 citations
,
February 2016 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Blood tests are needed to confirm high male hormone levels in women with PCOS, as physical signs alone are not reliable.
2 citations
,
May 2006 in “Women's Health Medicine” PCOS is diagnosed when at least two of these three features are present: polycystic ovaries, irregular ovulation, and high androgen levels.
January 2008 in “Humana Press eBooks” Women with PCOS have higher risks of heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and endometrial cancer.
January 2022 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Serum AMH levels are a strong marker for diagnosing PCOS in Indian women.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The 18-year-old girl likely has a condition called müllerian agenesis, which caused her to not have a uterus and experience no menstrual periods.
October 2025 in “World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences” Hormonal imbalances can cause acne, excess hair growth, and hair loss in women, needing combined medical and emotional care.
May 2020 in “Fertility and Sterility” Nonobese, normotensive Indian women with PCOS may have a higher risk of heart problems linked to inflammation and insulin resistance.
13 citations
,
January 1995 in “Postgraduate medicine” Excessive hair growth in women can be harmless or signal serious health issues, and treatment often includes medication and hair removal, with noticeable results after 3-6 months.
3 citations
,
March 2019 in “Post Reproductive Health” Testosterone replacement can help menopausal women with various symptoms, but should be used carefully and is not yet officially licensed in the UK for women.
22 citations
,
June 1993 in “Calcified Tissue International” Women with hyperandrogenic amenorrhea have similar bone density to healthy women but lower than androgenized women without amenorrhea, and high DHEAS levels might affect bone density.
121 citations
,
April 2008 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” Many women in southern China have polycystic ovary syndrome, with some symptoms differing from Western women.
2 citations
,
January 1988 in “Deep Blue (University of Michigan)” Early puberty in girls leads to intense moods, restlessness, and greater self-certainty.
5 citations
,
March 2020 in “Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research” Skin problems in PCOS, like excess hair, acne, and hair loss, may not always indicate high male hormone levels and need careful diagnosis for proper treatment.
61 citations
,
February 2001 in “American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology” Metabolic syndrome and PCOS are related but separate conditions, with metabolic syndrome increasing the risk of heart disease and diabetes.
July 2023 in “CRC Press eBooks” Plant-based substances like chamomile and aloe vera may help treat PCOS symptoms.
1 citations
,
March 2020 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” The study concluded that the most common skin problems in women with PCOS are excess hair, acne, oily skin, hair loss, dark skin patches, and skin tags.
Women with PCOS have lower self-esteem and body image satisfaction.
81 citations
,
June 2014 in “American Journal of Men's Health” Finasteride can cause lasting sexual, emotional, and cognitive issues, with varying severity.
Older age, obesity, hirsutism, and having children increase metabolic risk in women with PCOS.
March 2022 in “International journal of pharmaceutical sciences review and research” PCOS is a hormonal issue in women that is usually treated with birth control pills, metformin, and lifestyle changes, with early treatment helping to reduce complications and improve life quality.
1 citations
,
June 2023 in “Nutrients” Vitamin D deficiency is linked to a higher chance of metabolic syndrome in women with PCOS.
26 citations
,
July 2012 in “Epilepsy & Behavior” Finasteride worsens seizures in epilepsy rats and speeds up epileptogenesis in mice.
December 2024 in “Archiv Euromedica” Early diagnosis and personalized treatment are crucial for managing PCOS and preventing complications.
1 citations
,
June 2019 in “Innovare journal of medical sciences” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder in women that can cause infertility and other health issues, and it may be improved by treatments that increase insulin sensitivity.
April 2021 in “International journal of reproduction, contraception, obstetrics and gynecology” Women with newly diagnosed PCOS may have worse gum health than those treated for PCOS.
135 citations
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April 2017 in “Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine” New treatments for PCOS show promise, including both medication and non-medication options.
February 2020 in “Spiral (Imperial College London)” Duodenal mucosal resurfacing did not improve insulin sensitivity or reproductive function in women with PCOS.
25 citations
,
October 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Both types of oral contraceptives improved symptoms and hormone levels in women with PCOS.