2 citations
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January 2014 in “International Journal of Endocrinology” Women with a certain type of tumor had higher levels of pregnancy hormone and male hormones, which decreased after treatment.
44 citations
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May 1998 in “PubMed” The retinoid receptor antagonist effectively disrupts vitamin A-related development in embryos.
31 citations
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November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Women with androgen excess, especially those with PCOS, have a much higher risk of heart disease and stroke.
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January 2000 in “PubMed” Early balding in men might be a male hormonal equivalent of polycystic ovaries syndrome in women.
January 2012 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Androgens can cause acne, excess hair, and hair loss, treatable with dermatologist-guided therapies.
17 citations
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November 2012 in “Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention” Early balding at 40 increases prostate cancer risk.
7 citations
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September 2022 in “Communications biology” Omega-6 fats in certain cells boost male hormone production.
December 2025 in “Scientific Reports” Gut microbiota and metabolic pathways may play a key role in PCOS development.
19 citations
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October 2017 in “The FASEB Journal” Male hormones cause different growth in identical human hair follicles due to their unique epigenetic characteristics.
1 citations
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April 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Prostaglandin D2 increases testosterone levels in skin cells through reactive oxygen species, not enzymes, which could lead to new hair loss treatments.
31 citations
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April 2015 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Androgens cause oil-producing skin cells with androgen receptors to mature and produce more oil.
30 citations
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December 2001 in “Experimental dermatology” Gonadal hormones significantly affect the severity of alopecia areata in mice.
42 citations
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April 2009 in “Human Genetics” A specific genetic mutation may increase male pattern baldness risk, especially in Europeans.
February 2025 in “PLoS ONE” Androgenetic alopecia starts earlier in males than females, with different treatments, and is linked to income, education, alcohol use, and mental health.
January 2022 in “Figshare” Dexamethasone increases androgen receptor activity in scalp cells, which might explain stress-related hair loss.
June 2023 in “Medicine and Pharmacy Reports” A woman with a specific mutation causing adrenal gland issues faced fertility problems, but careful hormone therapy helped her manage it successfully.
January 2008 in “Journal of Practical Dermatology”
22 citations
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January 2001 in “Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin” Some new progesterone derivatives are better at blocking testosterone conversion than a common drug.
February 2009 in “RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam)” Androgen receptor activity is influenced by hormones, co-factors, modifications, and mutations.
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December 2014 in “PubMed” Pre-operative hormone treatment for hypospadias surgery might improve outcomes, but more research is needed to confirm.
Dutasteride did not change rat spermatogenesis or oxidative stress but needs more research.
4 citations
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March 2018 in “PloS one” Men with less sun-sensitive skin have lower PSA levels, while men with more sun-sensitive skin have higher PSA levels.
A 22-year-old woman with a rare genetic condition was successfully treated to develop normal female characteristics and regular menstruation.
June 2026 in “Scientific Reports” Testosterone makes XX skin more like male skin by changing its structure and cell makeup.
1 citations
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January 2002 in “Yaoxue jinzhan” Finasteride reduces sperm count and affects male reproductive function, while Epristeride does not.
52 citations
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April 2002 in “Brain Research” Lower allopregnanolone levels increase stress-related dopamine release in the brain.
47 citations
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October 2016 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Androgens prevent hair growth by changing Wnt signals in cells.
November 2007 in “Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)” Androgen receptors play a key role in male development and prostate cancer, with treatments targeting androgen action.
5 citations
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September 2012 in “The Journal of Urology” Early hair loss may indicate future prostate issues.
56 citations
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November 2007 in “Molecular and cellular endocrinology” Two enzymes regulate androgen receptor activity, affecting treatments for androgen insufficiency and benign prostatic hyperplasia.