4 citations
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June 2002 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Prenatal retinoic acid exposure increased cell proliferation in mouse hair follicles without affecting their development.
35 citations
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August 2006 in “Molecular genetics and metabolism” Tissue-specific variation in mutant load complicates genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis.
3 citations
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April 2014 in “Anatomy Research International” Buffalo mammary glands develop in stages from 34 to 229 days during prenatal growth.
December 2025 in “The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology” Red Sokoto goat fetuses develop firmer, pigmented skin with hair follicles as they grow.
August 2025 in “Al-Salam Journal for Medical Science” Steroid hormones are vital for body functions and disease management.
189 citations
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May 1999 in “Microscopy Research and Technique” Neurotrophins, especially NGF, are crucial for pain development and management.
51 citations
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August 2012 in “Differentiation” Mouse genital development depends on male or female hormones for specific features.
29 citations
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February 2019 in “Environment international” Higher early lead exposure is linked to delayed puberty in girls.
29 citations
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February 2018 in “Genetics research international” Certain genetic variations are linked to increased androgen levels in PCOS, but more research is needed to understand these connections fully.
24 citations
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January 2021 in “Physiological Research” Testosterone affects brain functions and contributes to sex differences, influencing conditions like autism.
7 citations
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January 2010 in “JAMA” The U.S. has a high rate of preterm births, needing better solutions and understanding.
3 citations
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June 2017 in “Deep Blue (University of Michigan)” Early exposure to fluoride, lead, and certain nutrients affects puberty differently in boys and girls.
1 citations
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June 2023 in “Reproduction” Microglia, the brain's immune cells, may contribute to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) by altering the female brain's structure and function, with kisspeptin neurons and GABA neurotransmitters also playing a role.
May 2025 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Discrimination during pregnancy affects newborn stress hormone levels.
March 2023 in “Pediatrics & neonatology” A baby girl had two brain-related growths removed and is developing normally.
February 2023 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Too much male hormone in mothers can negatively affect the sexual behavior of both male and female baby mice.
May 2014 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” Early over-expression of FoxN1 harms immune and skin development.
Rat skin develops from a single layer to adult-like skin with hair follicles by day 21.
258 citations
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July 2016 in “Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology” The document concludes that insulin resistance is key in PCOS development and early treatment is crucial to prevent complications.
83 citations
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July 2004 in “Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior” Higher 3α,5α-THP levels in the brain may reduce depression in pregnant rats.
44 citations
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May 2012 in “Endocrinology” High levels of androgens during early development may cause PCOS-like symptoms.
32 citations
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September 2011 in “Journal of Neuroendocrinology” Inhibiting 5α-reductase during late pregnancy shortens gestation, reduces litter size, and harms memory in rat offspring.
21 citations
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November 2010 in “Journal of molecular medicine” FoxN1 gene is essential for proper thymus structure and preventing hair loss.
12 citations
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February 2017 in “International journal of developmental neuroscience” Female guinea pigs exposed to less allopregnanolone before birth showed more anxiety-like behavior.
10 citations
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February 2007 in “Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity” Low birthweight and rapid weight gain after birth may increase the risk of developing polycystic ovary syndrome.
5 citations
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January 2023 in “Fertility and sterility” Doctors are preparing to potentially perform uterus transplants in transgender women, considering technical, hormonal, and ethical factors.
5 citations
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January 2011 in “Archives de Pédiatrie” A severe form of Netherton syndrome caused by a specific gene mutation led to neonatal deaths in a family.
1 citations
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June 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Fetal skin has unique immune cells different from adult skin.
1 citations
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January 2018 in “ScholarWorks (Central Washington University)” Stress and PCOS together may increase depression and anxiety-like behaviors.
December 2025 in “Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology” Understanding embryologic layers improves skin disorder diagnosis and supports developing targeted therapies.