34 citations
,
January 2004 in “PubMed” DHT deficiency in rats reduces sperm content and affects testis structure over time.
1 citations
,
May 2023 in “Fertility and sterility” Men who went through puberty later had lower sperm counts and altered hormone levels, possibly affecting fertility.
9 citations
,
March 2023 in “Chemosphere” Certain pesticides may delay sexual maturity in teenage boys.
7 citations
,
January 1986 in “Prenatal Diagnosis” Fetal skin biopsy can help diagnose protein-related disorders before birth.
24 citations
,
December 2012 in “Behavioural Brain Research” Changing Allopregnanolone levels in newborns affects adult behavior and anxiety.
96 citations
,
September 1975 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Hormone levels change during puberty, leading to physical developments like pubic hair and voice changes.
10 citations
,
October 2010 in “International Journal of Andrology” Finasteride doesn't affect oral testosterone undecanoate, and high DHT levels may cause acne, prostate issues, and hair loss.
100 citations
,
April 2007 in “Neuroscience” Reducing neurosteroid levels worsens brain injury in fetal sheep.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A transman experienced lasting virilization symptoms after stopping testosterone, which were resolved with estradiol treatment.
October 2022 in “Endocrine journal” Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone treatments can help with penile growth in males with 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency, with dihydrotestosterone being more effective in infancy.
11 citations
,
October 2010 in “Behavioural Brain Research” Early neurosteroid changes can alter adult brain function and behavior.
124 citations
,
March 2012 in “JAMA” Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.
1 citations
,
November 2024 in “IntechOpen eBooks” Sex steroid hormones are essential for reproductive health and overall well-being.
169 citations
,
November 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Prepubertal girls have higher sex steroid levels than boys, possibly leading to earlier puberty.
122 citations
,
November 2014 in “BMC Medicine” Oral testosterone therapy raises heart risk more than other methods.
April 2026 in “The Journal of Urology” Finasteride 1 mg/day reduces semen quality without affecting hormones or sexual function.
29 citations
,
March 2021 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Testosterone may influence COVID-19 severity and outcomes.
17 citations
,
November 2017 in “Experimental physiology” Breathing in newborn rats is affected differently by hormones based on their sex.
April 2009 in “The FASEB Journal” More research is needed on the safety of fathers' drug exposure before conception.
1 citations
,
January 2011 in “Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences” Finasteride may decrease semen quality but not harm sperm production, and stopping the drug can improve semen quality; hyperprolactinemia can cause infertility but is treatable with medication.
32 citations
,
September 2010 in “Stress” Neurosteroids help protect fetal brains from asphyxia damage.
May 2019 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Testosterone significantly affects urination differences between male and female mice.
1 citations
,
June 2008 in “The Journal of Urology” Dihydrotestosterone gel before hypospadias surgery led to less scarring but raised concerns about potential psychological effects and skin changes.
1 citations
,
July 2010 in “PubMed” 11 citations
,
April 2020 in “Andrology” Testosterone replacement therapy, especially intramuscular, raises PSA levels, but no overall link between PSA and testosterone was found except in non-BPH patients.
18 citations
,
June 2016 in “PeerJ” Testosterone increases certain kidney protein levels, potentially raising blood pressure.
18 citations
,
June 2009 in “Journal of Molecular Endocrinology” Finasteride exposure harms tadpole reproduction and hormone balance.
1 citations
,
January 2002 in “Yaoxue jinzhan” Finasteride reduces sperm count and affects male reproductive function, while Epristeride does not.
1 citations
,
June 2023 in “Acta veterinaria” Maternal hypothyroidism harms skin development in rat offspring.
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” 5α-reductase-2 deficiency causes ambiguous genitalia at birth and affects male sexual development, but individuals often develop male characteristics at puberty.