28 citations
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March 2000 in “Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America” Hirsutism in teen girls is common, usually harmless, but can sometimes signal serious issues and is treatable.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The 18-year-old girl likely has a condition called müllerian agenesis, which caused her to not have a uterus and experience no menstrual periods.
September 1976 in “PubMed” Hirsutism is excessive male-pattern hair growth mainly caused by ovarian hormones, and severe cases may require costly treatment with side effects.
January 2013 in “Revista Clínica Española” A postmenopausal woman's increased male hormone levels were successfully treated with surgery.
11 citations
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January 2011 in “Journal of pediatric endocrinology & metabolism/Journal of pediatric endocrinology and metabolism” Adolescents and young adults with Prader-Willi syndrome show a range of sexual interests and behaviors.
77 citations
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September 1983 in “Acta Paediatrica” Dexamethasone effectively normalizes elevated steroid levels in girls with premature adrenarche.
3 citations
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July 2019 in “Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology” A young woman's rare ovarian tumor was successfully removed, improving her hormonal symptoms.
June 2011 in “Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)” Estrogens and androgens are crucial for male fertility.
31 citations
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September 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology” Some antiandrogens may lower testosterone better than others, but it's unclear which is best for feminization in transgender women; more research is needed.
173 citations
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November 2004 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Adrenarche increases adrenal androgens around age 6, affecting hair growth and development.
November 2022 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Postmenopausal hyperandrogenism, a condition with symptoms like increased hair growth and acne, is usually caused by PCOS but can also be due to other factors. It's diagnosed by checking testosterone levels and treated either by removing the adrenal tumor or through antiandrogen therapy.
August 1996 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology” The document concludes that PCOS in adolescents is complex and requires comprehensive care to manage its symptoms and associated health risks.
1 citations
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January 2021 in “Prague medical report” Men might have a version of the female disease, polycystic ovarian syndrome, shown by changes in hormone levels and early baldness, but more research is needed to fully understand it.
4 citations
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September 2010 in “Medical Hypotheses”
November 2007 in “Neuro-chirurgie/Neurochirurgie” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects and is more effective with added estrogens.
17 citations
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February 2014 in “Pediatric Research” 83 citations
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December 2004 in “American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology” January 2026 in “Hormones and Behavior” Pregnancy affects fear memory and brain activity in female rats.
31 citations
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January 2018 in “Pediatric annals” Early adrenal gland maturation in young children can be normal, but other serious conditions should be ruled out first.
3 citations
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February 2017 in “Archives of Medical Science” Finasteride treatment changes Cx43 in rat testes, possibly causing fertility issues.
1 citations
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November 1995 in “Postgraduate medical journal” A Saudi individual initially identified as a girl had a genetic disorder affecting gender development.
24 citations
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January 2011 in “Sexual Development” Intersex frogs have different brain gene activity related to sex and thyroid hormones.
6 citations
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March 2009 in “Annals of Saudi Medicine” Finasteride use during early pregnancy may cause limb deformities in babies.
September 2023 in “Fides et Ratio” The safety and effectiveness of gender-affirming treatments for children are uncertain, with potential long-term risks like infertility.
35 citations
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September 2009 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Early-life neurosteroid changes affect adolescent exploration and adult behavior.
February 2021 in “Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism case reports” A postmenopausal woman's excessive hair growth and hair loss were due to a non-cancerous ovarian condition, treated successfully with surgery.
1 citations
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July 2001 in “Pediatrics in review” The girl has a hormonal imbalance causing increased hair growth and other male characteristics.
16 citations
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June 2022 in “Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism” Reducing phthalate exposure may help prevent early puberty in girls.
September 2022 in “Annals of medicine and surgery” Three siblings with a rare genetic condition had abnormal sexual development and chose different gender identities, needing surgery and therapy.
1 citations
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July 2010 in “PubMed”