26 citations
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August 2004 in “Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research” Ethanol-induced motor incoordination in rats is not affected by increased neuroactive steroids.
43 citations
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July 2003 in “Andrology” Hormonal male contraception is effective and could be market-ready, but more research is needed to ensure safety for all ethnic groups.
78 citations
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October 2003 in “Cochrane library” Cyproterone acetate with estradiol may subjectively improve excessive hair growth in women, but it's not clinically better than other treatments.
January 2025 in “International Journal of Pharmacology” Both steroids, especially cyproterone acetate, harm quail's vital organs.
May 2024 in “International journal of medicine and psychology.” Transcranial electrical stimulation with bisphosphonates helps maintain bone collagen better than bisphosphonates alone.
35 citations
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March 2012 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” The conclusion is that accurately identifying the cause of high androgen levels in women with PCOS is crucial and requires specific tests.
November 2025 in “Open Access CRIS of the University of Bern” Androgen levels are more linked to body size in boys than girls.
4 citations
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November 2022 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” The enzyme 5α-reductase type 1 is important for blood vessel development and fertility in the uterus.
179 citations
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May 1982 in “The Journal of clinical investigation/The journal of clinical investigation” High levels of 3 alpha-diol glucuronide in the blood are a marker of increased androgen action in women with excessive hair growth of unknown cause.
58 citations
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November 2020 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” SHBG may be a useful early indicator and treatment target for PCOS.
11 citations
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October 2002 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Enzyme activities do not cause early pubic hair in these girls.
February 2016 in “Evidence Based Women Health Journal (Online)” Women with PCOS had higher SRAGE levels, possibly linked to BMI, not PCOS.
1 citations
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December 2025 in “Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings” Leuprolide may better manage cholesterol and blood pressure in PCOS than spironolactone.
64 citations
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January 1985 in “Clinical endocrinology” A combination of desogestrel and ethinyl oestradiol effectively reduces hair growth in hirsute women.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Estetrol may help prevent hair loss and support hair growth in women.
June 2025 in “Journal of Kufa for Chemical Sciences” 3βHSD2 is not useful for diagnosing PCOS.
15 citations
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June 1986 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Androgens increase pigmentation in young hamsters, but estrogens can reverse this effect.
September 2015 in “University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark)” The guideline offers recommendations for diagnosing and managing PCOS and its complications.
April 2025 in “Middle East Fertility Society Journal” Reference values for nine hormones were established to help diagnose PCOS.
The document concludes that antiandrogenic drugs like cyproterone acetate and spironolactone are effective but not permanent treatments for skin-related androgenization in women.
December 2020 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Rare ovarian tumors can cause increased male hormones in postmenopausal women; surgery is an effective treatment.
September 2021 in “GLOBAL JOURNAL FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS” The hormonal contraceptive combination effectively reduces androgen excess and improves PCOS symptoms like acne, hair loss, and menstrual issues.
16 citations
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March 2000 in “Clinical Biochemistry” Women with hair loss had higher levels of certain hormones, suggesting a link to a condition like PCOS.
9 citations
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August 2021 in “Biomedicines” 17β-estradiol boosts APE1/Ref-1 secretion in cells and mice via a calcium-dependent pathway.
January 2020 in “Journal of St. Marianna University” Human placenta extract may promote hair growth by affecting certain lipid compounds.
14 citations
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May 2005 in “Steroids” A new method was developed to make finasteride for treating hair loss.
16 citations
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April 2007 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Prostate-specific antigen may be a new marker for excess male hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
2 citations
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April 2021 in “Reproductive health of woman” Most women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have menstrual issues, infertility, acne, and excessive body hair, with the most common type being the non-androgenic phenotype.
18 citations
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January 2013 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Neonatal neurosteroid levels affect adult brain function and behavior.
145 citations
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March 2010 in “Fertility and Sterility” Different types of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have varying severity, with Type I being the most severe and common.