1 citations
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April 2022 in “Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery” Hormone therapy greatly improves the quality of life for adults seeking gender reaffirmation, but more research is needed in India.
146 citations
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December 2016 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” Hormone therapy is essential for transgender individuals but requires careful management due to possible metabolic effects.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone can lower testosterone in some transfeminine people.
January 2020 in “Nihon Yakuri Gakkai nenkai yoshishu” Reducing 5α-reductase activity helps endometrial cells differentiate, aiding pregnancy.
83 citations
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November 2006 in “European Journal of Neuroscience” Progesterone protects rat brain cells by enhancing GABA A receptor activity.
28 citations
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October 2018 in “Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology” Testosterone therapy seems safe and effective for transgender men with proper care, but more long-term research is needed.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Goserelin injections can effectively manage hyperandrogenism symptoms in postmenopausal women who can't have surgery.
December 2023 in “Frontiers in pharmacology” Progesterone initially worsens but later reduces neuropathic pain in mice, through different mechanisms.
November 2023 in “International Journal of Women's Dermatology” Hormone replacement therapy may improve hair growth in the frontal hairline of postmenopausal women with hair loss.
21 citations
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November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.
25 citations
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September 2014 in “Pharmacotherapy” Hormone therapy can improve mental health and quality of life for people with gender dysphoria, but long-term effects need more research.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.
3 citations
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October 1993 in “Endocrinology” 9 citations
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December 1987 in “European journal of endocrinology” The treatment significantly reduced hair growth and male hormone levels in hirsute women.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen alone may effectively suppress testosterone in some transfeminine individuals.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A transman experienced lasting virilization symptoms after stopping testosterone, which were resolved with estradiol treatment.
Testosterone therapy may help women with low sexual desire after surgical menopause.
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Prostaglandin D2 increases testosterone production in skin cells through a process involving reactive oxygen species, which could be a new target for treating hair loss and other skin conditions driven by testosterone.
33 citations
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January 2008 in “Journal of Molecular Neuroscience” 1 citations
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September 1981 in “PubMed” Cyproterone acetate effectively treats virilized women, especially under 35, despite some side effects.
35 citations
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July 2008 in “International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics” MPA improved hormonal imbalances and acne in women with PCOS without affecting metabolism.
5alpha-DHP may be a safe, effective treatment for certain seizures without causing sedation.
44 citations
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February 2009 in “Pain” Progesterone reduces spinal reflex activity by increasing certain GABA(A) receptor subtypes.
November 2024 in “International Journal of Scientific Reports” Dienogest is safer and has fewer side effects than GnRH analogues for treating endometriosis.
2 citations
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February 2022 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Antiandrogenic pretreatment for women with PCOS does not improve fertility outcomes and delays pregnancy.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman developed male characteristics after using unregulated hormone therapy.
14 citations
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September 1990 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Viprostol does not effectively promote hair growth in male pattern baldness.
1 citations
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January 2018 in “Cogent Medicine” Careful management of steroid use is crucial in pregnant women with bullous pemphigoid to avoid complications like Cushing syndrome.
9 citations
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May 2011 in “Hormones and Behavior” Allopregnanolone, a progesterone metabolite, helps reduce restraint effects on behavior.
February 2023 in “Acta Scientific Women s Health” New treatments like PBMC, G-CSF, and PRP show promise for helping with repeated implantation failure.