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GlossarySerine Protease

enzyme that breaks down proteins by cleaving peptide bonds

Serine proteases, also known as serine endopeptidases, are a group of enzymes that break down proteins by cleaving peptide bonds. They are named for the serine residue in their active site, which plays a crucial role in the catalytic process. These enzymes are involved in various biological processes, including digestion, immune response, and blood coagulation.

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research Polygenic control of the wavy coat of the NCT mouse: involvement of an intracisternal A particle insertional mutation of the protease, serine 53 (Prss53) gene, and a modifier gene

January 2022 in “Mammalian Genome”

The wavy coat in NCT mice is caused by multiple genes, including a mutation in the Prss53 gene.

research LEKTI: Netherton Syndrome and Atopic Dermatitis

1 citations , February 2013 in “InTech eBooks”

LEKTI is crucial for skin barrier and immune function, affecting conditions like Netherton syndrome and atopic dermatitis.

Androgenetic Alopecia as a Complication of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

research Alopecia androgênica como agravo da infecção por SARS-CoV-2

April 2022 in “Brazilian Medical Students”

People with androgenetic alopecia may have a higher risk of severe COVID-19.

research The Transmembrane Serine Protease HAT-like 4 Is Important for Epidermal Barrier Function to Prevent Body Fluid Loss

19 citations , March 2017 in “Scientific Reports”

HAT-L4 is crucial for preventing body fluid loss by maintaining skin barrier integrity.

Male Balding as a Major Risk Factor for Severe COVID-19: A Possible Role for Targeting Androgens and Transmembrane Protease Serine 2 to Protect Vulnerable Individuals

research Male balding as a major risk factor for severe COVID-19: A possible role for targeting androgens and transmembrane protease serine 2 to protect vulnerable individuals

6 citations , September 2020 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Severe male balding may increase the risk of serious COVID-19, and treatments that reduce androgens or block a specific enzyme might help protect these individuals.

research Protease activity, localization and inhibition in the human hair follicle

11 citations , August 2013 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science”

The study suggests that a new protease inhibitor can make hair harder to pull out, potentially reducing hair loss.

research The mouse frizzy (fr) and rat ‘hairless’ (fr^CR) mutations are natural variants of protease serine S1 family member 8 (Prss8)

28 citations , February 2010 in “Experimental Dermatology”

The frizzy mouse and hairless rat mutations are due to changes in the Prss8 gene.

research Keratinocyte-Specific Onset of Serine Protease BSSP Expression in Experimental Carcinogenesis

26 citations , September 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

BSSP may help skin tumors grow and could be a marker or target for skin cancer treatment.

research Bikunin, a Serine Protease Inhibitor, is Present on the Cell Boundary of Epidermis

13 citations , August 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Bikunin is found on the cell boundaries of certain skin layers and may help regulate skin and hair functions.

research Cutaneous signs in COVID ‐19 patients: A review

176 citations , May 2020 in “Dermatologic Therapy”

COVID-19 can cause different skin symptoms that may help with early diagnosis and show how severe the disease is.

research Epithelial Integrity Is Maintained by a Matriptase-Dependent Proteolytic Pathway

137 citations , October 2009 in “The American journal of pathology”

Matriptase is crucial for keeping epithelial tissues healthy and functioning properly.

research Matriptase: Potent Proteolysis on the Cell Surface

165 citations , January 2006 in “Molecular Medicine”

Matriptase is crucial for skin, hair, and immune cell health, and its imbalance can lead to cancer.

research Ichthyosis, Follicular Atrophoderma, and Hypotrichosis Caused by Mutations in ST14 Is Associated with Impaired Profilaggrin Processing

99 citations , October 2008 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Mutations in the ST14 gene cause skin and hair issues by disrupting important protein processing.

research A novel mutation in ST14 at a functionally significant amino acid residue expands the spectrum of ichthyosis-hypotrichosis syndrome

11 citations , December 2017 in “Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases”

A new mutation in the ST14 gene broadens the understanding of ichthyosis-hypotrichosis syndrome.

research Application of an Enzymatic Method for Identifying Hair Treatments

3 citations , January 2007 in “Journal of health science”

The enzymatic method can effectively identify chemical treatments on hair.

Role of Dermatophytes in the Formation of Organism Sensitization

research РОЛЬ ДЕРМАТОФИТОВ В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ СЕНСИБИЛИЗАЦИИ ОРГАНИЗМА

March 2026 in “Voprosy dermatologii i venerologii/Dermatologiâ ža̋ne veneralogiâ ma̋selelerì”

Dermatophytes, like Trichophyton rubrum, can cause allergies and chronic inflammation.

research Annotated Patent Selections

January 2000 in “Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents”

The document highlights various patents for new compounds with potential treatments for multiple diseases, including cancer, hormonal disorders, and diabetes.

research Delineation of Matriptase Protein Expression by Enzymatic Gene Trapping Suggests Diverging Roles in Barrier Function, Hair Formation, and Squamous Cell Carcinogenesis

100 citations , May 2006 in “American Journal Of Pathology”

Matriptase is crucial for skin barrier, hair growth, and may contribute to skin cancer.

research Matriptase Expression and Zymogen Activation in Human Pilosebaceous Unit

9 citations , September 2013 in “Journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry/The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry”

Matriptase is highly active in hair follicles and sebaceous glands, especially during hair growth phases.

research Diverse origins of fibrinolytic enzymes: A comprehensive review

22 citations , February 2024 in “Heliyon”

Exploring fermented foods from various regions can lead to discovering new fibrinolytic enzymes.

research Perspective Chapter: Repurposing Natural Products to Target COVID-19 – Molecular Targets and New Avenues for Drug Discovery

1 citations , May 2022 in “IntechOpen eBooks”

Natural products might help treat COVID-19, but current drugs like hydroxychloroquine haven't worked.

research The mRNA for Protease Nexin-1 is Expressed in Human Dermal Papilla Cells and its Level is Affected by Androgen

27 citations , September 1999 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Human skin cells contain Protease Nexin-1, and male hormones can decrease its levels, potentially affecting hair growth.

research Properties of Partially Extracted Hairs and their Degradability by Proteases

January 2007 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi”

Mf-rich hair degrades more than Ma-rich hair, especially with Proteinase K.

research Targeting host cell proteases as a potential treatment strategy to limit the spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 in the respiratory tract

15 citations , December 2020 in “Pharmacology Research & Perspectives”

Blocking enzymes that help the virus enter cells could be a promising way to treat COVID-19.

research The Rationale for Inhibiting 5α-Reductase Isoenzymes in the Prevention and Treatment of Prostate Cancer

108 citations , February 2008 in “The Journal of urology/The journal of urology”

Inhibiting 5α-reductase can help reduce prostate cancer risk and improve treatment.

research Co-administration of 5α-reductase Inhibitors Worsens the Adverse Metabolic Effects of Prescribed Glucocorticoids

8 citations , June 2020 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

Taking 5α-reductase inhibitors with prednisolone can worsen its negative effects on metabolism.

The Lysosomal Protease Cathepsin L Is an Important Regulator of Keratinocyte and Melanocyte Differentiation During Hair Follicle Morphogenesis and Cycling

research The Lysosomal Protease Cathepsin L Is an Important Regulator of Keratinocyte and Melanocyte Differentiation During Hair Follicle Morphogenesis and Cycling

146 citations , May 2002 in “The American journal of pathology”

Cathepsin L is essential for normal hair growth and development.

Computational Screening of Repurposed Drugs and Natural Products Against SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease as Potential COVID-19 Therapies

research Computational screening of repurposed drugs and natural products against SARS-Cov-2 main protease (Mpro) as potential COVID-19 therapies

September 2020 in “arXiv (Cornell University)”

Some existing drugs and natural products might work against COVID-19 by targeting the virus's main protease.

research Cornification

September 2018

Cornification is the process where living skin cells die to create a protective barrier, and problems with it can cause skin diseases.

research Enzymatic Method for Assessing Hair Damage with Reduction and Subsequent Oxidation

4 citations , January 2007 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi”

Permed hair degrades faster and shows more damage after protease treatment compared to untreated hair.