16 citations
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January 2017 in “Asian journal of andrology/Asian Journal of Andrology” Men who start puberty later may have lower sperm quality and different hormone levels in adulthood.
53 citations
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January 2006 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Reduced AR gene methylation may cause early pubic hair growth in girls.
20 citations
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May 1998 in “PEDIATRICS” African-American girls tend to start puberty earlier than white girls, possibly due to increased androgen production.
August 2020 in “Nigerian journal of paediatrics” A 24-month-old Nigerian girl developed early puberty with no family history, needing treatment her family couldn't afford.
2 citations
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January 2000 in “Pediatrics in review” Early sexual development in children, especially girls, can be treated with hormone therapy to improve adult height and requires support for the child and family.
July 2008 in “International journal of psychophysiology” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes mild feminizing effects in adolescent trans-girls.
95 citations
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September 1979 in “Acta Paediatrica” Girls have higher DHEA levels earlier in puberty than boys, indicating earlier development.
186 citations
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February 1980 in “Clinical Endocrinology” During puberty, hormone levels rise, with early increases in some steroids and most menstrual cycles becoming regular by six years after menarche.
18 citations
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February 2006 in “Brain & development” A patient with Satoyoshi syndrome improved with a treatment combining several medications, including carbamazepine and methotrexate.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” The 18-year-old girl likely has a condition called müllerian agenesis, which caused her to not have a uterus and experience no menstrual periods.
21 citations
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April 2010 in “Pediatrics in Review” Delayed puberty affects some teens, and early treatment with hormones can help improve their growth and social well-being.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A 14-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with Swyer Syndrome and treated for a related cancer risk.
3 citations
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March 2025 in “Endocrine Connections” Higher DHT levels are linked to more acne in adolescents, especially boys.
15 citations
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May 2010 in “Pediatrics in Review” Delayed puberty often runs in families, can affect growth, and may need hormone treatment.
1 citations
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November 2007 in “Neuro-chirurgie/Neurochirurgie” Cyproterone acetate is a safe treatment that causes modest feminization in transgender female adolescents, and works better with added estrogens.
1 citations
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May 2023 in “Fertility and sterility” Men who went through puberty later had lower sperm counts and altered hormone levels, possibly affecting fertility.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” An 8-year-old boy's early puberty was caused by a rare hormone-secreting brain tumor, which was successfully treated with surgery.
10 citations
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March 2019 in “Journal of neuroendocrinology” Testosterone affects stress hormone levels differently in adolescent and adult male rats.
86 citations
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March 1993 in “Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology” Finasteride affects male rat genitalia development, causing abnormalities during specific pregnancy days.
Lack of certain cells causes abnormal nipple development and nursing failure.
232 citations
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December 2005 in “Andrology” PCOS is caused by both genetics and environmental factors like diet and obesity.
July 2021 in “Advances in laboratory medicine” Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.
8 citations
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July 2017 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” DHT affects testicular development and regulates spermatogenesis in some fish.
November 2025 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Immune cells are crucial for normal skin development and their dysfunction can cause skin disorders.
721 citations
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October 2011 in “Nature” Different types of long-lasting stem cells are responsible for the growth and upkeep of the mammary gland.
Continuous research and innovative strategies are essential for sustainable development.
3 citations
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February 2017 in “Archives of Medical Science” Finasteride treatment changes Cx43 in rat testes, possibly causing fertility issues.
2 citations
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September 2017 in “Archives of Medical Science” Finasteride affects offspring's antioxidant enzymes in epididymis, possibly disrupting sperm maturation.
October 2013 in “International Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology/International journal of pediatric endocrinology” A boy with early puberty and laughing seizures was treated, stopping seizures and slowing puberty.
49 citations
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March 2018 in “Toxicological sciences” Low doses of mixed chemicals cause permanent reproductive malformations in male rats.