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Glossary5α-reductase

enzyme converting testosterone into potent dihydrotestosterone (DHT)

5α-reductase is an enzyme that converts testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a more potent androgen hormone. This enzyme plays a significant role in various biological processes, including the development of male characteristics and the regulation of hair growth. Inhibitors of 5α-reductase, such as finasteride, are commonly used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

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research Reductive Stress Selectively Disrupts Collagen Homeostasis and Modifies Growth Factor-independent Signaling Through the MAPK/Akt Pathway in Human Dermal Fibroblasts

9 citations , March 2019 in “Molecular & cellular proteomics”

Reductive stress messes up collagen balance and alters cell signaling in human skin cells, which could help treat certain skin diseases.

Different Levels of 5α-Reductase Type I and II, Aromatase, and Androgen Receptor in Hair Follicles of Women and Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

research Different Levels of 5α-Reductase Type I and II, Aromatase, and Androgen Receptor in Hair Follicles of Women and Men with Androgenetic Alopecia

416 citations , September 1997 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

People with hair loss have more androgen receptors and enzymes in certain follicles, with men and women showing different patterns.

research Marked Suppression of Dihydrotestosterone in Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Dutasteride, a Dual 5α-Reductase Inhibitor

408 citations , May 2004 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism”

Dutasteride more effectively lowers DHT levels in men with enlarged prostates than finasteride.

research 5α-reductase activity in the prostate

237 citations , December 2001 in “Urology”

Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.

research DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE AND THE PROSTATE: THE SCIENTIFIC RATIONALE FOR 5α-REDUCTASE INHIBITORS IN THE TREATMENT OF BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA

235 citations , September 2004 in “The Journal of urology/The journal of urology”

Drugs that block DHT production can effectively treat enlarged prostate and improve urinary issues with some sexual side effects.

Adverse Side Effects of 5α-Reductase Inhibitors Therapy: Persistent Diminished Libido, Erectile Dysfunction, and Depression in a Subset of Patients

research Adverse Side Effects of 5α‐Reductase Inhibitors Therapy: Persistent Diminished Libido and Erectile Dysfunction and Depression in a Subset of Patients

223 citations , December 2010 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine”

Some patients taking finasteride or dutasteride may have ongoing sexual problems and depression even after stopping the medication.

research An overview on 5α-reductase inhibitors

219 citations , October 2009 in “Steroids”

5α-reductase inhibitors, like Finasteride and Dutasteride, help manage benign prostatic hyperplasia.

The Importance of Dual 5α-Reductase Inhibition in the Treatment of Male Pattern Hair Loss: Results of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study of Dutasteride Versus Finasteride

research The importance of dual 5α-reductase inhibition in the treatment of male pattern hair loss: Results of a randomized placebo-controlled study of dutasteride versus finasteride

215 citations , November 2006 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology”

Dutasteride more effective for hair growth, but has more side effects than finasteride.

research The Effect of 5α-Reductase Inhibition with Dutasteride and Finasteride on Semen Parameters and Serum Hormones in Healthy Men

195 citations , February 2007 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

Dutasteride and finasteride may reduce sperm count and volume but don't affect movement or shape; effects are reversible after stopping.

research Species Differences in Prostatic Steroid 5α-Reductases of Rat, Dog, and Human

193 citations , August 1985 in “Endocrinology”

Different animals have unique versions of the enzyme that changes testosterone into another hormone, which is important for creating effective treatments for prostate and hair loss conditions.

research Synthesis and 5α-Reductase Inhibitory Activity of C21 Steroids Having 1,4-diene or 4,6-diene 20-ones and 4-Azasteroid 20-Oximes

186 citations , December 2011 in “Molecules”

Three specific 4-azasteroid-2-oximes showed strong enzyme inhibition, but less than finasteride.

research Dihydrotestosterone and the Concept of 5α–Reductase Inhibition in Human Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

184 citations , January 2000 in “European Urology”

Blocking the enzyme that turns testosterone into DHT can safely and effectively treat enlarged prostate.

research Genetic Analysis of Male Pattern Baldness and the 5α-Reductase Genes

169 citations , June 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Male pattern baldness is likely caused by multiple genes, not just 5α-reductase genes.

research The Risks and Benefits of 5α-Reductase Inhibitors for Prostate-Cancer Prevention

147 citations , June 2011 in “New England journal of medicine/The New England journal of medicine”

5α-reductase inhibitors may prevent prostate cancer but could also raise the risk of more severe cancers.

research Effects of Finasteride (MK-906), a 5α-Reductase Inhibitor, on Circulating Androgens in Male Volunteers*

147 citations , April 1990 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism”

Finasteride safely lowers DHT levels without affecting testosterone.

Effect of Testosterone Supplementation With and Without a Dual 5α-Reductase Inhibitor on Fat-Free Mass in Men With Suppressed Testosterone Production

research Effect of Testosterone Supplementation With and Without a Dual 5α-Reductase Inhibitor on Fat-Free Mass in Men With Suppressed Testosterone Production

124 citations , March 2012 in “JAMA”

Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.

Comparison of Finasteride, a 5α Reductase Inhibitor, and Various Commercial Plant Extracts in In Vitro and In Vivo 5α Reductase Inhibition

research Comparison of finasteride (proscar®), a 5α reductase inhibitor, and various commercial plant extracts in in vitro and in vivo 5α reductase inhibition

124 citations , January 1993 in “The Prostate”

Finasteride effectively inhibits 5α reductase, while plant extracts like Permixon and Bazoton don't show significant results.

research Structure of human type II 5 alpha-reductase gene.

124 citations , September 1992 in “Endocrinology”

The human type II 5α-reductase gene, linked to certain male health conditions, has a specific structure and low similarity to other related genes.

research External genitalia abnormalities in male rats exposed in utero to finasteride, a 5α-reductase inhibitor

122 citations , July 1990 in “Teratology”

Finasteride exposure in pregnancy causes genital abnormalities in male rats.

research Steroid 5α-reductases and 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases: key enzymes in androgen metabolism

115 citations , March 2001 in “Baillière's best practice and research in clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism”

Key enzymes control androgen levels, affecting hormone activity and potential treatments.

research Adverse effects of 5α-reductase inhibitors: What do we know, don’t know, and need to know?

111 citations , August 2015 in “Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders”

5α-reductase inhibitors may cause persistent sexual dysfunction and depression, needing more research on long-term effects.

5α-Reductase Inhibition Prevents the Luteal Phase Increase in Plasma Allopregnanolone Levels and Mitigates Symptoms in Women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

research 5α-Reductase Inhibition Prevents the Luteal Phase Increase in Plasma Allopregnanolone Levels and Mitigates Symptoms in Women with Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

110 citations , August 2015 in “Neuropsychopharmacology”

High-dose dutasteride reduces PMDD symptoms by stabilizing neurosteroid levels.

research The Rationale for Inhibiting 5α-Reductase Isoenzymes in the Prevention and Treatment of Prostate Cancer

108 citations , February 2008 in “The Journal of urology/The journal of urology”

Inhibiting 5α-reductase can help reduce prostate cancer risk and improve treatment.

research 9 Role of 5α-reductase in health and disease

101 citations , April 1994 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism”

5α-reductase is essential for male sexual development and its inhibitors have potential in treating various conditions related to hormone action.

research Immunohistochemical localization of types 1 and 2 5α-reductase in human scalp

100 citations , September 1999 in “British Journal of Dermatology”

The study found that two enzymes linked to hair loss are located in different parts of the scalp, supporting a common treatment's effectiveness.

Inhibition of Rat Alpha-Reductases by Finasteride: Evidence for Isozyme Differences in the Mechanism of Inhibition

research Inhibition of rat α-reductases by finasteride: Evidence for isozyme differences in the mechanism of inhibition

98 citations , April 1997 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology”

Finasteride effectively blocks rat enzymes, but with varying methods and strength.

research 5α-Reductase Type 1 Deficiency or Inhibition Predisposes to Insulin Resistance, Hepatic Steatosis, and Liver Fibrosis in Rodents

93 citations , September 2014 in “Diabetes”

Lack of 5α-Reductase type 1 can lead to insulin resistance and liver problems.