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May 2003 in “Endocrinology” Lampreys have a functional vitamin D receptor that may help detoxify harmful substances.
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June 2020 in “BMC Ophthalmology” Minoxidil can cause a rare eye condition, but it was successfully treated with oral Eplerenone in one case.
January 2026 in “Figshare” Finasteride can cause melasma, especially in people with darker skin.
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April 2026 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Red light exposure can slow aging in mice by improving fat metabolism.
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January 1998 in “Endocrine journal” Saw palmetto extract can block the enzyme that converts testosterone in pig prostate cells.
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January 2020 in “Neuroscience” Blocking 5α-reductase can harm memory and brain structure, and increase harmful brain changes in male mice used for Alzheimer's disease research.
October 2017 in “The Journal of Urology” 5α-Reductase inhibitors can negatively impact sexual function.
June 2021 in “International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine” Phytoconstituents from Cyperus Rotundus may help treat hirsutism by interacting with the 5 α reductase enzyme.
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June 1995 in “Tetrahedron Letters” New chemicals were made that can block an enzyme linked to hair loss, prostate growth, and acne.
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January 2012 in “Journal of cell science” Rac1 is essential for proper hair structure and color.
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July 2008 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” The new compounds may be more effective and cheaper than current treatments for conditions like baldness.
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June 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Male pattern baldness is likely caused by multiple genes, not just 5α-reductase genes.
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February 2004 in “Biopolymers” 4-(4-Phenoxybenzoyl)benzoic acid derivatives can both increase and decrease certain types of reactive oxygen species, and may be relevant to hair loss.
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April 2021 in “Biology” Thai rice bran extracts, especially from Tubtim Chumphae rice, can significantly reduce the activity of hair loss genes, with x-tocopherol showing potential as an anti-hair loss product.
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February 1998 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” PNU 157706 is a more effective treatment than finasteride for conditions caused by DHT, like enlarged prostate and hair loss.
A genetic mutation in the CDH3 gene causes hair loss and vision problems in a young Saudi girl.
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March 2026 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” December 2016 in “University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham)” Glucocorticoids reduce fat production in liver cells, while androgens increase it in females; manipulating certain enzymes can influence these effects.
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August 2005 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” Acitretin is effective for certain types of psoriasis, safe for long-term use, and often combined with other treatments.
January 1987 in “Toxicological sciences” SMR-2 and SMR-6 are much more toxic than retinoic acid, causing severe symptoms and organ damage in mice.
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April 2021 in “Scientific Reports” Phytochrome A is crucial for normal metabolism and development in tomato seedlings under far-red light.
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August 2012 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Finasteride reduces certain behaviors caused by D1-like receptor agonists but not by D2-like receptor agonists in mice.