April 2023 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Blocking casein kinase 1 in skin cells can help melanocyte precursors move better, potentially helping with conditions like vitiligo or gray hair.
February 2025 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Keratin 15 helps keep skin cells in a young, undifferentiated state.
233 citations
,
October 2004 in “Differentiation” Stem cells are in deep skin layers, while differentiating cells are in shallow layers.
9 citations
,
July 2008 in “Oncology Reports” HPV16-transformed cells can change human skin cell properties, aiding tumor growth.
121 citations
,
December 2001 in “American Journal of Dermatopathology” TB and BCC tumors show similar follicular differentiation patterns.
37 citations
,
May 1998 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” Basal cell carcinoma shows keratin patterns similar to undifferentiated hair follicle cells.
55 citations
,
December 2014 in “Dermatologica sinica/Zhōnghuá pífūkē yīxué zázhì” Keratinocytes control how melanocytes work.
2 citations
,
March 1994 in “Oncology Reports” Keratoacanthomas and squamous cell carcinomas have similar keratin patterns, making them hard to tell apart.
36 citations
,
January 2004 in “European journal of cell biology” Without keratin 10, there's more growth and development of oil-producing skin cells.
June 2026 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Retinoic acids temporarily change skin stem cells to a slower cycle and more differentiated state.
25 citations
,
September 1995 in “Biochemistry and Cell Biology” High levels of human keratin 16 in mice cause skin lesions and abnormal skin development.
77 citations
,
April 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Repetin is a protein involved in skin and hair development, binding calcium and compensating for other proteins when needed.
5 citations
,
January 2022 in “Scientific reports” The research identified two types of keratinocytes in chicken scales: one for hard scales and another for soft skin, with similarities to human skin differentiation.
37 citations
,
August 2024 in “Current Issues in Molecular Biology” Keratins 6, 16, and 17 increase in damaged or diseased skin and may help diagnose skin issues.
March 2026 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Deleting vitamin D and calcium receptors in skin cells increases skin cancer risk by reducing DNA repair and stress response.
33 citations
,
October 2012 in “Journal of Morphology” Reptile skin hardens by layering beta-proteins on keratin.
January 2008 in “Yearbook of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery” One type of progenitor cell can maintain normal skin in mice.
17 citations
,
February 2015 in “Cell Death and Disease” Inhibiting AP1 in mice skin causes structural changes and weakens the skin barrier.
3 citations
,
December 2013 in “Journal of Cell Science” Keratin 79 cells help form and regenerate hair canals.
34 citations
,
January 1998 in “Archiv für Pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für Klinische Medicin” Trichoblastomas may mimic fetal skin development by having many Merkel cells, unlike adult skin.
28 citations
,
January 1997 in “Elsevier eBooks” Keratinocyte stem cells help regenerate and repair cornea, skin, and hair.
94 citations
,
October 1994 in “The Journal of Cell Biology” Too much keratin 16 in mice skin causes abnormal skin thickening and structure.
1 citations
,
July 2025 in “JCI Insight” Hair follicle stem cells help maintain skin health by moving to and supporting the skin's surface layers.
90 citations
,
July 1993 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” January 2019 in “Social Science Research Network” Hair follicle stem cells prevent melanocyte stem cells from differentiating by controlling retinoic acid levels.
Retinoids can help reduce keratin buildup in skin conditions.
April 1996 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” January 2007 in “Zhonghua shiyan waike zazhi” Basal layer skin cells help form the epidermis and hair follicles.
Epidermal stem cells help renew skin and heal wounds, influenced by specific proteins and markers.
127 citations
,
July 2002 in “EMBO journal” Normal skin cell renewal doesn't need RAR signaling, but vitamin A-related skin thickening does.