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The enzyme RDH12 plays a role in vision and retinal disease, with mutations leading to early onset visual loss and blindness, but the exact disease mechanism is unclear and there are no treatments yet.

Steroid 5α-reductase evolved from protists and diversified in eukaryotes, with specific roles in mammals and plants.

RANK-RANKL signaling is essential for hair growth and skin health.

VDR regulation varies by tissue and is crucial for its biological functions.

Patients with the same genetic mutation for vitamin D-resistant rickets showed different symptoms but all improved with treatment except for hair loss.

The conclusion is that the cornea has two types of stem cells, with Lrig1+ cells being key for renewal in aging corneas, independent of CD44.

PDRN, derived from salmon sperm, shows promise in healing wounds, reducing inflammation, and regenerating tissues, but more research is needed to understand its mechanisms and improve its use.

Removing REDD1 in mice increases skin fat by making fat cells larger and more numerous.

RACB in barley is crucial for cell polarity and nucleus positioning, aiding fungal infection.

ROOT HAIR SPECIFIC 10 (RHS10) reduces the length of root hairs in Arabidopsis plants.

A mutation in the iRhom2 gene causes hairless mice due to abnormal hair follicle development.

Isolation stress in rats reduces brain enzyme levels, affecting dopamine function.

Androgen receptor activity is influenced by hormones, co-factors, modifications, and mutations.

RXRα is crucial for hair growth and skin cell function.

Ginsenosides Rb₁ and Rd may help prevent hair loss by promoting hair cell growth.

A specific gene mutation causes a severe skin disorder in a family.

Lrig1 marks a unique group of stem cells in mouse skin that can become different skin cell types.

R-spondins and their receptors help increase bone growth and may be used to treat bone loss diseases.

Fixing DNA errors is crucial to prevent skin cancer.

New treatments targeting androgen receptors show promise for drug-resistant prostate cancer.

Identifying specific hair follicle parts could lead to better hair loss treatments.

The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.

Estrogens and androgens are crucial for male fertility.

Certain circular RNAs may regulate wool follicle growth in sheep.

GFRα2 is essential for controlling neuron size but not for target innervation in certain sensory neurons.

The mineralocorticoid receptor may play a role in skin and hair health and could be a new target for treating related disorders.

Sex steroid receptors are found in specific skin cells, affecting skin and hair functions.

Removing the ROBO4 gene in mice reduces skin inflammation and hair loss by affecting certain inflammation pathways and gene expression.

Radiation therapy in breast cancer patients changes gene expression related to DNA damage, fibroblast growth, and hair follicle development, which could help improve treatment for radiation-induced fibrosis.