April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Claudin-1 and Claudin-3 are crucial for keeping hair follicle structure and preventing a type of hair loss called telogen effluvium.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Nicotinic acid reduces excessive oil production in skin cells by activating a specific receptor, which could help treat acne.
December 2016 in “John Wiley & Sons, Ltd eBooks” The document concludes that proper recognition and treatment of skin appendage disorders are important for management.
March 2015 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Testosterone affects skin by increasing oil production and influences hair growth.
September 2014 in “Springer eBooks” Men and women experience skin aging differently due to changes in sex hormone levels with age.
July 2005 in “SKINmed/Skinmed” BRL 7660, once studied for male contraception, showed promise as an acne treatment but was not developed further due to competing drugs.
January 2003 in “Journal für Kardiologie (Krause & Pachernegg GmbH)” Testosterone therapy can improve skin and hair in men with low testosterone but may cause skin irritation with certain treatments.
253 citations
,
March 1994 in “Developmental dynamics” Apoptosis is essential for human skin development and forming a functional epidermis.
208 citations
,
July 2001 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Pregnancy can cause various skin changes and diseases, with PUPPP being the most common skin condition specific to pregnancy.
165 citations
,
June 2007 in “European Journal of Cell Biology” Hair follicle stem cells are key for hair and skin regeneration, can be reprogrammed, and have potential therapeutic uses, but also carry a risk of cancer.
153 citations
,
October 2007 in “Cell Stem Cell” New research suggests that skin cell renewal may not require a special type of cell previously thought to be essential.
147 citations
,
September 2006 in “Developmental Cell” Too much Smad7 changes skin and hair development by breaking down a protein called β-catenin, leading to more oil glands and fewer hair follicles.
134 citations
,
January 2011 in “Development” Adam10 enzyme is crucial for healthy skin and proper Notch signaling.
133 citations
,
September 2013 in “Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology” Different types of stem cells and their environments are key to skin repair and maintenance.
131 citations
,
March 2004 in “The American journal of pathology” Modulating BMP activity changes the number, size, shape, and type of ectodermal organs.
124 citations
,
August 1990 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Diffuse alopecia in women may be related to androgens and iron deficiency, and basic hormone and nutrient screening is useful.
117 citations
,
May 2017 in “Human Reproduction Update” The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.
102 citations
,
July 2007 in “Genes & Development” A mother's PPARγ is crucial for preventing harmful milk that can cause inflammation and growth problems in babies.
101 citations
,
January 1985 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Spironolactone is effective for treating acne, hirsutism, and androgenic alopecia in women with few side effects.
96 citations
,
June 2017 in “Nature Communications” A WNT10A gene mutation leads to ectodermal dysplasia by disrupting cell growth and differentiation.
93 citations
,
June 2001 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Certain genetic variations in the AR and ERβ genes can affect androgen levels in women.
78 citations
,
October 2020 in “Experimental Dermatology” Hidradenitis suppurativa is caused by genetic factors, inflammation, bacteria, hormones, and lifestyle factors like obesity and smoking.
77 citations
,
April 2016 in “Science Advances” Researchers created a fully functional, bioengineered skin system with hair from stem cells that successfully integrated when transplanted into mice.
73 citations
,
June 2001 in “Endocrinology” Prolactin affects when mice shed and grow hair.
71 citations
,
February 2006 in “Clinics in Dermatology” Pregnancy causes skin changes like darkening, hair thickening, nail changes, and increased risk of skin growths, most of which usually resolve after birth.
69 citations
,
June 2017 in “Experimental Biology and Medicine” Advanced human skin models improve drug development and could replace animal testing.
67 citations
,
November 2002 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” The document concludes that careful evaluation is key to diagnose and treat women with hair loss, with tests for thyroid, iron, and hormones as needed.
62 citations
,
October 2017 in “JAMA facial plastic surgery” Condensed nanofat with fat grafts effectively improves atrophic facial scars.
59 citations
,
January 2005 in “Endocrine Journal” Sex steroids influence skin appendage function and neoplasm development, with changes in AR and ERalpha in certain gland neoplasms.
46 citations
,
May 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” The vitamin D receptor is essential for skin stem cells to grow, move, and become different cell types needed for skin healing.