71 citations
,
January 2014 in “Journal of Proteome Research” Women with PCOS have different levels of certain fats and proteins in their blood, which could help diagnose the condition.
67 citations
,
November 2002 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” The document concludes that careful evaluation is key to diagnose and treat women with hair loss, with tests for thyroid, iron, and hormones as needed.
57 citations
,
January 2004 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Baldness caused by male hormones in female-to-male transsexuals doesn't increase the risk of heart disease.
18 citations
,
June 2016 in “PeerJ” Testosterone increases certain kidney protein levels, potentially raising blood pressure.
17 citations
,
July 2016 in “The Prostate” Metformin may lower PSA levels, possibly affecting prostate cancer development.
4 citations
,
February 2011 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” Metformin and thiazolidinediones are similarly effective for PCOS, but metformin is often preferred due to fewer side effects.
3 citations
,
May 2021 in “International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” Irisin and GIP levels are not linked to BMI in women, regardless of PCOS status.
1 citations
,
January 2020 AMH levels in adolescents with PCOS are not affected by their weight.
March 2012 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology” Doctors vary in how they initially test for PCOS, but most agree on using oral contraceptives and lifestyle changes as first treatments.
68 citations
,
May 2011 in “European Journal of Dermatology” Acne is caused by genetics, diet, hormones, and bacteria, with treatments not yet curative.
46 citations
,
November 1997 in “Journal of Neural Transmission” Seborrhea in Parkinson's disease may be linked to hormones, not autonomic impairment.
34 citations
,
December 1991 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” The conclusion is that small hair follicles cause baldness in macaques, and treatments like antiandrogens and minoxidil can prevent hair loss and promote regrowth.
17 citations
,
December 2015 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Visible light can improve skin disorders and hair loss, but more research is needed to understand long-term effects.
11 citations
,
November 2022 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Hormonal treatments can change hair and skin in transgender people, but may not fully achieve desired results.
11 citations
,
January 2014 in “Egyptian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology” Women losing hair might have lower levels of vitamin D.
15 citations
,
February 2019 in “Internal Medicine Journal” Australian doctors experienced in adult transgender healthcare mostly prescribe intramuscular testosterone and oral estradiol, recommend mental health assessments before hormone therapy, and support improved training and guidelines.
27 citations
,
April 2017 in “European journal of endocrinology” The research found that MRI and certain hormone levels can help tell apart ovarian tumors from hyperthecosis in postmenopausal women, but tissue analysis is still needed for a definite diagnosis.
36 citations
,
May 2017 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.
25 citations
,
September 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Using 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels to diagnose nonclassic congenital adrenal hyperplasia can result in many incorrect diagnoses.
51 citations
,
April 1999 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Testosterone replacement may improve sexual desire and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.
6 citations
,
September 1998 in “The Journal of The British Menopause Society” Testosterone replacement may help postmenopausal women with sexual function and bone density, but suitable treatments are limited.
10 citations
,
May 2017 in “PLOS ONE” Men and premenopausal women in Korea show different patterns in iron and vitamin D levels, with no clear pattern for postmenopausal women.
July 2025 in “The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine” Estrogen affects hair growth, and GPER-1 levels might help identify hair loss types.
October 2006 in “Aging Health” Dutasteride effectively treats benign prostatic obstruction, improves urinary flow, reduces prostate size, and may prevent prostate cancer, but can cause sexual side effects.
58 citations
,
January 2006 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” High levels of testosterone and 5α-DHT can lead to cell death in cells important for hair growth.
59 citations
,
September 1994 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Finasteride reduces scalp DHT levels, potentially treating male pattern baldness.
45 citations
,
March 2015 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.
21 citations
,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.
18 citations
,
August 1985 in “European journal of endocrinology” Cyproterone acetate is effective for treating hirsutism, but some patients may feel worse on low-dose maintenance therapy.
6 citations
,
January 2020 in “The Aging Male” Testosterone replacement therapy improved blood sugar and fat levels without raising prostate cancer risk in Japanese men with low testosterone.