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Dermatopathologists must consider both birth sex and gender identity to accurately diagnose and treat transgender patients.

Feminizing hormone therapy increases kidney filtration rate.

Hormone therapy is safe and effective for transgender adults, but requires regular monitoring and mental health support.

A new mutation linked to partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome and prostate cancer was found in a patient unhappy with their female gender assignment.

Gender identity can be more diverse than just male or female.

Topical minoxidil helps transgender individuals assigned female at birth grow more facial hair.

Conditions affecting sex development show that sexual diversity is a natural part of human variation.

Hormonal contraceptives can help treat acne by affecting sebum production and androgen levels.

Diagnosing simple-virilizing congenital adrenal hyperplasia can be difficult and requires thorough testing and expert advice.

Diagnosing osteoporosis in transgender people is challenging due to unclear guidelines and hormone treatment effects.

Most transgender adolescents continued hormone treatment, with few stopping due to reasons other than returning to their birth gender.

The document does not determine if adults with aphallia are fertile.

Activin B helps start and grow hair follicles in mice.

Improved access to hair removal is crucial for transgender individuals before feminizing surgeries.

Gender-affirming hormone therapy improves mental health and gender incongruence but requires careful management of cardiovascular and cancer risks.

Estrogen alone can lower testosterone in some transfeminine people.

Estrogen alone may effectively suppress testosterone in some transfeminine individuals.

Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.

Australian doctors experienced in adult transgender healthcare mostly prescribe intramuscular testosterone and oral estradiol, recommend mental health assessments before hormone therapy, and support improved training and guidelines.

Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.

The document concludes that sex hormones and related compounds have various effects on health, with both potential benefits and risks.

Exposure to certain sex hormones can increase health risks, while some hormone therapies may offer benefits for specific conditions.

Accurate gender and sex assessment in dermatology is essential for respectful and precise patient care.

Serum steroid profiling, especially 11-deoxycortisol, helps distinguish between adrenocortical carcinoma and adenoma, considering sex and functional status.

Prenatal stress changes how male and female rats enjoy rewards differently, linked to sex hormones.

Hormone therapy may increase migraines in transgender women and decrease them in transgender men; more research is needed on migraine management in transgender individuals.

The treatment helped a transgender woman stop drinking, improved her mental health, and reduced her gender dysphoria.

Healthcare providers need better understanding and cultural sensitivity to improve care for transgender patients with kidney failure needing transplants.

Healthcare providers need better education and policies to serve transgender individuals effectively.