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November 2022 in “Veterinary sciences” The interdigital gland of Vembur sheep shows sex-based differences in size and chemical makeup, possibly affecting communication and disease protection.
August 2024 in “Biophysics Reviews” Mammal hairs have different internal structures.
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August 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The same gene mutation can cause different symptoms in family members.
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March 2004 in “The American journal of pathology” Modulating BMP activity changes the number, size, shape, and type of ectodermal organs.
Accurate gender and sex assessment in dermatology is essential for respectful and precise patient care.
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October 2004 in “Differentiation” Multiple mouse desmoglein 1 isoforms have distinct roles in skin and hair development.
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March 2022 in “Biology of Sex Differences” Females have stronger immune responses to COVID-19 than males, leading to better outcomes.
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January 2011 in “Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE” Male mice have thicker skin, causing more light scattering than females.
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April 2010 in “Baillière's best practice and research in clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Baillière's best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Impaired androgen production in 46,XY DSDs causes ambiguous genitalia and requires long-term care.
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August 2022 in “BMC Veterinary Research” C57BL/6 mice and SD rats have different sweat gland and hair follicle patterns, useful for skin research.
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December 2018 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Differences in androgen receptor expression and tissue properties may lead to higher cryptorchidism risk in certain rats.
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February 2005 in “Journal of Cellular Biochemistry” Male cells need DHT to respond to testosterone, while female cells do not.
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January 1977 in “Archives of dermatological research” Mouse tail skin has different keratinization near hair follicles and scales.
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May 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Different mutations in the 5 alpha-reductase-2 gene were found in affected individuals in the Dominican Republic, suggesting no common ancestry.
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January 1989 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” The side gland of Suncus murinus is a good model for studying human sebaceous glands.
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May 2022 in “Animals” Female goslings have darker feathers than males due to more melanin.
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September 2023 in “International Journal of Women’s Dermatology” Dermatologists are crucial in providing personalized care for patients with sex development differences.
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June 2022 in “Development” Gene regulation evolved differently in mouse and chicken skin, but remained stable in their trunks.
December 2025 in “Biology” Male and female mice handle stress differently.
October 2025 in “Preprints.org” Male and female mice handle stress differently.
14 citations
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February 2018 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Mice lacking steroid 5α-reductase 2 show less aggression and better impulse control.
June 2023 in “JMIR dermatology” The conclusion is that recognizing the difference between gender identity and biological sex is crucial in dermatology to improve patient care and research accuracy.
Finasteride reduces prostate size and DHT in male mastomys but not in females.
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April 2000 in “Nature genetics” Msx2 deficiency in mice leads to bone growth and organ development problems.
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October 2022 in “Dermatology practical & conceptual” Isolated patchy heterochromia with pili annulati can occur without other health issues.
February 2018 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Rodent spiny hair traits are due to genetic factors other than the Edar gene.
September 2025 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Hair loss in males and females is influenced by immune cell interactions, with potential treatments identified.
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December 2013 in “Seminars in cell & developmental biology” Skin varies in thickness, color, and features due to complex genetic and cellular processes.
September 2022 in “Annals of medicine and surgery” Three siblings with a rare genetic condition had abnormal sexual development and chose different gender identities, needing surgery and therapy.