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January 2010 in “GenomeBiology.com (London. Print)” The research concluded that selection significantly shaped the genetic variation of the X chromosome, with certain regions affected by past selective events.
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January 1995 in “American journal of primatology” Vervet monkeys show physical changes like hair loss and scrotal color changes due to stress or nutrition issues.
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March 2013 in “American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics” SRD5A2 gene variations affect PTSD symptoms differently in males and females.
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March 2020 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology” Mouse spermatogenesis shows that stem cells can behave flexibly and move widely in open environments.
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December 2002 in “Development” Msx2-deficient mice experience irregular hair growth and loss due to disrupted hair cycle phases.
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October 2014 in “Development” Fz3 and Fz6 can partially replace each other in tissue polarity and axon guidance.
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April 2010 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Men are more likely to get infectious skin diseases, while women are more prone to autoimmune and pigment-related skin conditions, influenced by biological and environmental factors.
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October 2024 in “JCEM Case Reports” 5α-reductase deficiency can cause ambiguous genitalia and gender dysphoria, treatable with testosterone.
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May 2001 in “Human reproduction update” Insufficient androgen action in male fetuses can cause genital development issues due to genetic mutations or environmental chemicals.
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October 2011 in “Anthropologischer Anzeiger” Pubic hair is thicker than axillary and scalp hair, useful for forensic identification.
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January 2022 in “Journal of neuroendocrinology” Sex hormones affect brain cells differently in males and females.
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September 2024 in “Asian Journal of Andrology” New SRD5A2 variants may disrupt protein function, aiding diagnosis and treatment of related disorders.
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March 2010 in “Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances” Young and adult hamsters both respond similarly to testosterone and finasteride treatments, but young hamsters aren't good for testing the inhibitory activity of a specific enzyme.
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December 1992 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Affected males are born with ambiguous genitalia, raised as females, but develop male traits at puberty due to enzyme deficiency.
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June 2012 in “European journal of medical genetics” Identical twins had different symptoms because one had more cells with an extra chromosome fragment in different tissues.
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March 2004 in “The Journal of Urology” Hypospadiac rats showed abnormal genital development, useful for studying human hypospadias.
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July 2016 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Dysplastic nevi have unique gene expressions, making them distinct from common melanocytic nevi.