92 citations
,
June 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” All-trans retinoic acid causes hair loss by increasing TGF-β2 in hair follicle cells.
54 citations
,
July 2002 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” DHT, a testosterone byproduct, causes male pattern baldness.
8 citations
,
December 2022 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” Sex hormones' effects on COVID-19 are unclear and more research is needed to understand their potential as treatment.
42 citations
,
April 2021 in “JCI insight” Blocking JAK3 signaling can reverse hair loss from alopecia areata.
2 citations
,
September 2022 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Tofacitinib is a promising treatment for severe alopecia areata, with many patients experiencing complete or partial hair regrowth.
October 2024 in “The American Journal of Gastroenterology” Upadacitinib improved both Crohn's ileitis and alopecia universalis in a patient.
March 2025 in “European Journal of Medical Genetics” Tofacitinib helped improve symptoms and hair growth in a patient with Aicardi-Goutières syndrome.
10 citations
,
August 2022 in “JAAD Case Reports” Oral tofacitinib effectively regrows hair in children with alopecia areata without major side effects.
11 citations
,
February 2022 in “JAAD case reports” Abrocitinib, a JAK inhibitor, may help treat atopic dermatitis and alopecia universalis together.
21 citations
,
April 2025 in “MedComm” Alopecia areata causes unpredictable hair loss, and more research is needed to fully understand and treat it effectively.
15 citations
,
January 2025 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Ritlecitinib is effective and safe for treating alopecia areata, promoting significant hair regrowth.
13 citations
,
February 2025 in “Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” Ritlecitinib shows promise for treating alopecia areata, especially with early and extended treatment.
4 citations
,
January 2025 in “JAAD reviews.” Janus kinase inhibitors are promising for treating scarring alopecia, but more research is needed for safety and personalized treatments.
June 2024 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology” Tofacitinib is safe and effective for treating moderate-to-severe alopecia areata.
May 2023 in “International Journal of Trichology” Tofacitinib effectively treated severe hair loss in a patient who didn't respond to other treatments.
March 2018 in “Suez Canal University Medical Journal” New drugs targeting the JAK-STAT pathway show promise for treating inflammatory skin diseases.
November 2025 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” Baricitinib significantly improved hair regrowth and quality of life in severe alopecia areata patients.
August 2025 in “Dermatology and Therapy” JAK inhibitors show promise for treating alopecia areata but have serious side effects.
March 2025 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology Venereology and Leprology” Tofacitinib is effective for treating alopecia totalis and universalis, with some patients experiencing significant hair regrowth.
January 2024 in “Case Reports in Dermatological Medicine” Baricitinib may effectively treat nail changes in alopecia areata.
2 citations
,
June 2020 in “Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology” Tofacitinib effectively treated both ulcerative colitis and alopecia areata in two patients.
112 citations
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January 2014 in “Molecular and cellular therapies” Blocking the Wnt pathway could lead to new treatments for cancer and tissue repair but requires careful development to avoid side effects.
37 citations
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December 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Leptin may play a role in hair growth and hair follicle health.
32 citations
,
December 2018 in “Cytokine” Type I interferons play a key role in the development of various skin diseases.
February 2026 in “Reports — Medical Cases Images and Videos” Upadacitinib may help regrow hair in children with alopecia areata and is generally safe.
January 2026 in “Medicina” JAK inhibitors show promise for treating various skin disorders effectively and safely.
September 2024 in “Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association” A 589 nm laser increases IL-2 and IFN-y gene expression in human T-cells.
May 2023 in “International Journal of Trichology” Tofacitinib may be an effective and safe treatment for hair loss in teenagers with alopecia areata.
1 citations
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January 2008 in “touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology” Generalized glucocorticoid resistance causes hormone imbalances and varied symptoms due to gene mutations.
January 2025 in “SKIN The Journal of Cutaneous Medicine” Calcipotriol's effectiveness for treating alopecia areata is unclear and needs more research.