44 citations
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May 2012 in “Endocrinology” High levels of androgens during early development may cause PCOS-like symptoms.
7 citations
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March 2011 in “Hormone and Metabolic Research” Certain gene variations might help protect against insulin resistance and glucose intolerance in people with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.
12 citations
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March 2018 in “Analytical chemistry” Researchers created a new method to measure brain steroids, finding higher levels of certain steroids and changes due to a drug.
11-oxyandrogens are linked to excess hair growth in PCOS, but don't help diagnose it.
91 citations
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May 2003 in “PubMed” Neuroactive steroids affect cocaine's rewarding effects through the sigma1 receptor.
55 citations
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May 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Androgens are important for female fertility and could help in IVF treatment, but also play a role in causing PCOS.
18 citations
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October 2021 in “Frontiers in Physiology” Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D2 Synthase (L-PGDS) is a protein that plays many roles in the body, including sleep regulation, pain management, food intake, and protection against harmful substances. It also affects fat metabolism, glucose intolerance, cell maturation, and is involved in various diseases like diabetes, cancer, and arthritis. It can influence sex organ development and embryonic cell differentiation, and its levels can be used as a diagnostic marker for certain conditions.
The FOS gene helps hair growth in Tan sheep.
65 citations
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August 2007 in “Experimental Dermatology” Human hair follicles can make and process prostaglandins, which may affect hair growth.
Neurosteroids help control dopamine responses in the brain.
5 citations
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August 2005 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” HSPC016 gene is important for hair growth.
13 citations
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August 1995 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” The activity of a specific rat enzyme in the prostate and epididymis is highly dependent on the acidity level.
37 citations
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June 2004 in “Human molecular genetics online/Human molecular genetics” The HCR gene contributes to psoriasis risk.
11 citations
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May 1996 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” The main enzyme found in pubic skin that could be targeted to treat excessive hair growth is 5 alpha-R2.
April 2020 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A rare ovarian tumor caused high male hormone levels, but surgery fixed it.
18 citations
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June 2001 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Adding a specific gene to skin cells can help treat skin disorders like psoriasis.
10 citations
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September 2008 in “Andrologia” Finasteride changes antioxidant enzyme expression, possibly affecting sperm protection in rats.
41 citations
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April 2006 in “Hormone and metabolic research” Steroid-binding globulins have important roles beyond just transporting steroids.
2 citations
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February 2023 in “BMC women's health” Birth control pills change the activity of certain inflammation and blood clotting genes in women with PCOS.
22 citations
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June 2012 in “PLOS ONE” Cholesterol-related compounds can stop hair growth and cause inflammation in a type of scarring hair loss.
November 2025 in “Open Access CRIS of the University of Bern” Androgen levels are more linked to body size in boys than girls.
82 citations
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January 1994 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” Hair follicles and glands significantly increase steroid absorption in skin.
11 citations
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June 2005 in “Veterinary Dermatology” Canine hair follicle cells convert progesterone into various metabolites, mainly cortisol.
January 2014 in “theses.fr (ABES)” Androgens regulate Sertoli cells and affect fertility through specific receptors and coregulators.
81 citations
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October 2014 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Certain genes control the color of human hair by affecting pigment production.
November 2022 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Estrogen deficiency can reduce the enzyme activity needed to activate vitamin D.
January 2025 in “Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters” Eicosanoids are crucial for skin health, and targeting their pathways may help treat skin conditions.
53 citations
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May 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Different mutations in the 5 alpha-reductase-2 gene were found in affected individuals in the Dominican Republic, suggesting no common ancestry.
January 2025 in “International Journal of Forest Animal and Fisheries Research” DHEA may play a complex role in PCOS, affecting hormones, metabolism, and symptoms.