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GlossarySubcutaneous Fat

layer of fat beneath the skin providing insulation and cushioning

Subcutaneous fat, also known as subcutaneous adipose tissue, is the layer of fat located directly beneath the skin. It serves as an energy reserve, provides insulation to help regulate body temperature, and acts as a cushion to protect underlying muscles and bones from trauma. This type of fat is distinct from visceral fat, which surrounds internal organs.

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Sonographic Comparison of Subcutaneous Fat Layer Thickness in the Scalp Area in Patients with Androgenetic Alopecia Compared to Healthy Individuals: Cross-Sectional

research Sonographic comparison of subcutaneous fat layer thickness in the scalp area in patients with androgenetic alopecia compared to healthy individuals: Cross‐sectional

1 citations , July 2024 in “Skin Research and Technology”

Patients with androgenetic alopecia have thinner subcutaneous fat layers in their frontal scalp compared to healthy individuals.

research RETRACTION: Sonographic Comparison of Subcutaneous Fat Layer Thickness in the Scalp Area in Patients With Androgenetic Alopecia Compared to Healthy Individuals: Cross‐Sectional

September 2025 in “Skin Research and Technology”

Sweat Glands Shrink Upward With Aging, Causing Dermal Layer Defects Leading to Loss of Skin Elasticity and Wrinkling - Establishment of 3D Imaging Method for Skin Appendages

research 250 Sweat glands shrink upward with aging, causing dermal layer defects that lead to loss of skin elasticity and wrinkling-establishment of 3D imaging method for skin appendages

September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

Aging causes sweat glands to shrink and move upward, leading to less elastic skin and more wrinkles.

research Lipedematous alopecia of the scalp

35 citations , January 2006 in “Dermatology Online Journal”

Lipedematous scalp may be underdiagnosed and doesn't improve with finasteride.

research Stem cell and extracellular matrix-related molecules increase following melatonin treatment in the skin of postmenopausal rats

7 citations , April 2014 in “Cell biology international”

Melatonin treatment helps improve skin health in postmenopausal rats.

research Lipedematous scalp with heterochromia of scalp hair in a boy

4 citations , January 2011 in “European journal of dermatology/EJD. European journal of dermatology”

A boy had a rare scalp condition with thickened skin and different-colored hair.

research Lipedematous alopecia with mucinosis: report of the first case in Taiwan

2 citations , January 2011 in “Dermatologica Sinica”

Taiwan reported its first case of a rare scalp condition with no clear cause or treatment.

research Promotion of hair growth by Lactobacillus and fermented traditional Korean berry in C57BL/6 mice

May 2023 in “Physiology”

Lactobacillus and fermented Korean berry can help hair grow faster.

research Rare Concurrence of Alopecia Areata in the Setting of the Lipedematous Scalp

September 2022 in “The American journal of dermatopathology/American journal of dermatopathology”

A patient with a thick scalp and hair loss was correctly diagnosed with alopecia areata and a thick scalp fat layer, not lipedematous alopecia, and regrew hair after treatment.

research Lipedematous scalp with lipedematous alopecia: A case report

May 2021 in “Our Dermatology Online”

A woman with a rare scalp condition causing a thick scalp and hair loss didn't improve with steroid treatment.

research Scanning Electron Microscopic Study on Collagen Fibrils in the Mink Dermis during the Hair Cycle and Growth

January 1994 in “Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho”

Collagen fibrils in mink skin change structure during hair growth, becoming looser and thicker in the active phase.

Comparison of Mitochondrial Transplantation Using a Stamp-Type Multineedle Injector and Platelet-Rich Plasma Therapy for Hair Aging in Naturally Aging Mice

research Comparison of mitochondrial transplantation by using a stamp-type multineedle injector and platelet-rich plasma therapy for hair aging in naturally aging mice

9 citations , July 2020 in “Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy”

Mitochondrial therapy and platelet-rich plasma therapy both stimulated hair regrowth in aging mice, with mitochondrial therapy showing similar effectiveness to plasma therapy.

research Cause of Androgenic Alopecia

17 citations , October 2013 in “Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open”

Male pattern baldness may be caused by scalp pressure on hair follicles, which increases with age and leads to a cycle of hair loss. This process is not directly determined by genes.

research Delayed hair cycle in mnd2 mutant mice lacking HtrA2 serine protease activity

December 2022 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications”

HtrA2 activity is crucial for normal hair growth by regulating fat cell development.

research Skin aging as a mechanical phenomenon: The main weak links

41 citations , May 2018 in “Nutrition and healthy aging”

Skin aging is largely due to differences in stiffness and elasticity between skin layers, leading to wrinkles.

research Wwox Deficiency Causes Downregulation of Prosurvival ERK Signaling and Abnormal Homeostatic Responses in Mouse Skin

6 citations , October 2020 in “Frontiers in cell and developmental biology”

WWOX deficiency in mice causes skin and fat tissue problems due to disrupted cell survival signals.

research Melanocyte progenitor cells reside in human subcutaneous adipose tissue

18 citations , August 2021 in “PLoS ONE”

Melanocyte progenitor cells are found in human fat tissue and can become mature melanocytes, which may help treat skin issues.

research General theory of skin reinforcement

18 citations , August 2017 in “PLOS ONE”

Skin and its underlying fat layer act together to resist mechanical stress, and reinforcing this composite structure may help more with anti-aging than just strengthening the skin alone.

research Anatomy and Physiology of the Skin

26 citations , January 2022

The skin is essential for protection, temperature control, and immune defense.

Hand Rejuvenation: Multistage Protocol for Skin and Subcutaneous Tissues

research Hand rejuvenation

16 citations , December 2004 in “Aesthetic surgery journal”

The hand rejuvenation method makes hands look younger by improving skin and filling out tissues.

research Defining dermal adipose tissue

218 citations , May 2014 in “Experimental Dermatology”

Skin fat cells help with skin balance, hair growth, and healing wounds.

research Rothmund‐Thomson syndrome type 2 – a rare cause of chronic wounds

March 2019 in “Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft”

Rothmund-Thomson syndrome type 2 can cause chronic, poorly healing wounds.

research BH03 Lipoedematous scalp occurring in two female siblings: further evidence of a genetic role?

June 2023 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement”

Two sisters with lipoedematous scalp suggest a genetic influence in the condition.

research Androgenic alopecia: A counterproductive outcome of the anabolic effect of androgens

11 citations , May 2009 in “Medical Hypotheses”

Male pattern baldness is an unintended side effect of the body's use of androgens for muscle growth, especially in those genetically prone to it.

Potential Lipolytic Effect of Panduratin A Loaded Microspicule Serum as a Transdermal Delivery Approach for Subcutaneous Fat Reduction

research Potential Lipolytic Effect of Panduratin A Loaded Microspicule Serum as a Transdermal Delivery Approach for Subcutaneous Fat Reduction

4 citations , November 2023 in “Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin”

The serum reduced thigh fat and improved skin firmness.

research Two-Stage Procedure to Correct Scalp and Facial Scars—Autologous Fat Grafting Before Hair Grafting

2 citations , September 2019 in “Dermatologic Surgery”

The two-step procedure of fat grafting followed by hair grafting improves scalp and facial scar correction.

Expression of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 in Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues of Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Is Associated with Adiposity

research Expression of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with adiposity

18 citations , December 2010 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology”

Increased HSD11B1 enzyme expression is linked to higher body fat and insulin resistance.