4 citations
,
April 2021 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Intradermal injections improve hair density and thickness better, while derma roller is more convenient.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Transgender females can reach their target estrogen levels using estradiol patches, especially if oral treatments fail or if they're at risk for blood clots. Often, the highest dose patch is needed.
1 citations
,
January 2022 in “Pharmaceutical Sciences Asia” Microneedles offer a painless, effective way to deliver drugs through the skin.
5 citations
,
January 2023 in “Fertility and sterility” Doctors are preparing to potentially perform uterus transplants in transgender women, considering technical, hormonal, and ethical factors.
71 citations
,
August 2019 in “The journal of sexual medicine” Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.
2 citations
,
December 2019 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” Metabolic syndrome reduces effectiveness of hair loss treatment.
25 citations
,
April 1949 in “The journal of experimental zoology” Testosterone applied to rabbit skin increases skin cell growth and changes skin structure.
April 2025 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” The new drug delivery system improves bicalutamide skin retention for better treatment of hair loss.
88 citations
,
September 2003 in “Clinical endocrinology” Hormone treatment for transsexual individuals is effective but carries risks like thromboembolic events and mood changes, with most side effects being minor and reversible.
September 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Injections of special skin cells showed potential in treating hair loss, with some participants experiencing increased hair density.
November 2017 in “Reactions Weekly” Testosterone undecanoate caused hair loss; finasteride improved it but caused stomach issues for one patient.
1 citations
,
January 2021
20 citations
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April 2021 in “Journal of Womens Health” Testosterone can help premenopausal and postmenopausal women with low sexual desire, but its long-term safety is unclear and it's not widely approved for this use.
September 2023 in “Biology of reproduction” New testosterone analogs show promise for male contraception with better activity and potentially fewer side effects.
9 citations
,
January 2007 in “Journal of dermatological treatment” Testosterone gel helps increase facial hair in young men with beta-thalassemia major.
January 2023 in “International Journal of Trichology” Bicalutamide mesotherapy may help with hair loss and seborrhea but needs more research.
176 citations
,
August 2000 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Hormone treatments in transsexual individuals reduce hair growth and oil production in male-to-females and increase them in female-to-males.
23 citations
,
July 2021 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” New dissolving and implantable microneedle patches have been created for a long-lasting, non-invasive delivery of the drug finasteride.
14 citations
,
November 1982 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Testosterone conversion to 5α-DHT may not be essential for its effects on the skin.
31 citations
,
May 2017 in “JAAD Case Reports” ATX-101 injections can cause hair loss.
2 citations
,
September 1971 in “Metabolism, clinical and experimental” Dihydrotestosterone has a reduced effect on muscle-building in people with testicular feminization syndrome, especially after their gonads are removed.
21 citations
,
October 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Testosterone therapy helped 63% of androgen-deficient women grow scalp hair, but more research is needed.
13 citations
,
August 2013 in “Journal of pharmaceutical sciences” Researchers created a skin patch that delivers two drugs for treating enlarged prostate, which may improve patient use and dosage control.
2 citations
,
August 2013 in “The Lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology” The FDA rejected a testosterone drug again due to safety concerns.
May 2025 in “Oxford Academix (Oxford)” Dermatology trainees lack standardized guidelines and education for treating testosterone-induced skin conditions in transmasculine individuals.
11 citations
,
November 2023 in “Skin Research and Technology” A 2 mm needle is effective and precise for skin injections.
May 2021 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” A woman developed male characteristics after using unregulated hormone therapy.
November 2023 in “JAAD case reports” Exogenous testosterone use may be linked to developing hidradenitis suppurativa.
10 citations
,
January 2016 in “Dermatology Online Journal” Hormonal therapy in transgender patients can lead to skin changes like altered sebum production, hair growth, and acne, which may require dermatological care.
30 citations
,
April 2021 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Testosterone therapy can help postmenopausal women with low sexual desire if monitored carefully.