May 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair's strength, especially when wet.
39 citations
,
June 2012 in “Journal of Structural Biology” Disulfide bonds are crucial for hair structure during keratinization.
83 citations
,
July 2008 in “Current Opinion in Chemical Biology” The document concludes that understanding sulfation biology is crucial for creating treatments due to its importance in biological functions and disease.
February 2020 in “The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan” 11 citations
,
April 2022 in “Biophysical Journal” Disulfide bonds in keratin fibers break more easily under stress, especially when wet, affecting fiber strength.
53 citations
,
March 2006 in “Biopolymers” TTD hair is brittle due to fewer sulfur amino acids and unstable disulfide bonds.
22 citations
,
November 2014 in “Proteins Structure Function and Bioinformatics” Cysteines in wool fibers are accessible and form important disulfide bonds.
1 citations
,
January 2009 in “Journal of S C C J” Changing disulfide bonds in human hair affects its melting behavior and thermal stability.
6 citations
,
February 2021 in “Proteins” Researchers found that the most reachable bonds in wool fibers are near the ends of certain proteins, which help stabilize the fiber's structure.
March 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Disulfide bonds affect the melting behavior of hair's crystalline structure, but hair retains some stability even after these bonds are broken.
36 citations
,
October 2014 in “Langmuir” Bleaching hair removes its protective top layer and exposes more hydrophilic groups, changing its chemical surface and affecting how it interacts with products.
January 2008 in “Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory” Cysteine formation on hair indicates damage, best detected at pH 4.5.
10 citations
,
January 2012 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” Thioglycolic acid mainly affects the unordered areas in hair structure.
7 citations
,
January 1959 in “Canadian Journal of Chemistry” Human and horse hair have similar end groups to wool and feathers.
January 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” A new method using 1,4-n-butylene dimaleate effectively repairs and strengthens damaged hair.
26 citations
,
January 1983 in “PubMed” Trichothiodystrophy involves brittle hair due to low sulfur amino acids, not a transport defect.
175 citations
,
December 1980 in “Archives of Dermatology” Trichothiodystrophy is a condition with brittle hair and various physical and mental issues due to low sulfur in proteins.
June 1996 in “Journal of Dermatological Science”
48 citations
,
July 1996 in “Human & Experimental Toxicology” Human enzymes can detoxify harmful substances but might also increase their cancer risk.
22 citations
,
December 2020 in “mSphere” A fungal enzyme was used to make compounds more soluble, aiding drug discovery and crop protection.
December 2025 in “Biomolecules” Targeting protein S-palmitoylation could lead to new skin disease treatments.
18 citations
,
January 2008 in “Sen'i Gakkaishi” Thioglycolic acid and L-cysteine change hair structure differently during perms, affecting hair strength and curling efficiency.
3 citations
,
January 2004 in “Sen i Gakkaishi” DTDG in hair treatments reduces damage and preserves hair structure.
144 citations
,
May 1990 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” 11 citations
,
January 1997 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” A new protein linked to hair strength was identified, aiding in understanding brittle hair conditions.
September 2016 in “Journal of Engineering and Technological Science” Women with telogen effluvium have an imbalance in thiol-disulphide, suggesting oxidative stress may contribute to hair loss.
6 citations
,
April 1989 in “Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms” Sulphur in hair follicles increases from the bulb and then levels off, while other elements vary in distribution.
September 1978 in “PubMed” Chondroitin sulphate is more abundant than hyaluronic acid in skin and hair samples, except in gamma-keratosis.
11 citations
,
January 1989 Two patients had a unique form of trichothiodystrophy with reduced high-sulfur proteins in their hair.
2 citations
,
September 1996 in “Journal of Applied Polymer Science” Potassium cyanide changes hair's disulfide bonds to monosulfide, affecting high-sulfur proteins more.