855 citations
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June 2009 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.
27 citations
,
April 1996 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” The document says that understanding the causes of PCOS is important for treatment, especially in distinguishing the syndrome from just having cystic ovaries, and that losing weight is key for obese women with PCOS.
10 citations
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May 1995 in “Journal of General Internal Medicine” Most women with excessive hair growth have PCOS; treatment varies and focuses on preventing new hair, with electrolysis as the only permanent removal method.
5 citations
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January 2023 in “Fertility and sterility” Doctors are preparing to potentially perform uterus transplants in transgender women, considering technical, hormonal, and ethical factors.
5 citations
,
September 2021 in “Southern African Journal of Hiv Medicine” The guideline provides healthcare professionals in South Africa with instructions for comprehensive, multidisciplinary gender-affirming care, including HIV prevention and treatment for transgender and gender diverse individuals.
3 citations
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May 2025 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Evaluate and manage androgen excess in women with a systematic approach, considering both physical and psychological impacts.
January 2020 in “Case reports in endocrinology” Removing one ovary helped treat a woman's severe PCOS symptoms when medicine didn't work.
4 citations
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May 2007 in “Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America” Understanding gender differences and individual patient characteristics is essential for optimal cosmetic surgery outcomes.
6 citations
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January 2013 Hyperadrenocorticism in ferrets is linked to neutering and indoor housing, and is best treated with surgery and a deslorelin implant.
March 2023 in “Scholars international journal of obstetrics and gynecology” PCOS is a complex condition that affects women's hormonal balance and metabolism, requiring lifestyle changes and medical management.
23 citations
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October 2016 in “Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health” The document concludes that health care providers should offer culturally competent care and more research is needed to improve health outcomes for transgender individuals.
20 citations
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July 2009 in “Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology” Quick treatment of hair disorders in teenage girls is important because of the emotional effects.
1 citations
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November 2002 in “Endocrine practice” The patient's high testosterone was reduced by a medication that suppresses gonadotropin.
January 2016 in “Springer eBooks” The document concludes that there are various causes and treatments for hair loss, with hair transplantation being a notable option.
82 citations
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May 2016 in “Best Practice & Research in Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology” The conclusion is that managing androgen excess requires long-term treatment, including hormonal contraceptives and androgen blockers, with follow-up after six months.
2 citations
,
July 2022 in “Frontiers in Veterinary Science” A female dog with mixed male and female traits was treated successfully with surgery.
December 2022 in “International Journal of Current Science Research and Review” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common but often undiagnosed disorder in women that can cause irregular periods, infertility, and other symptoms, and can be managed with lifestyle changes, medication, and sometimes surgery.
2 citations
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December 2024 in “Clinical Endocrinology” PCOS symptoms can improve with specific treatments for pituitary adenomas.
January 2025 in “Case Reports in Endocrinology” Accurate diagnosis of rare hyperandrogenism conditions requires detailed testing and sometimes invasive procedures.
January 2024 in “Journal of surgical case reports” Removing an adrenal tumor can significantly reduce high androgen levels in postmenopausal women.
September 2011 in “Cancer” Men who start losing hair at 20 may have a higher chance of getting prostate cancer later.
10 citations
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April 2006 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” Testosterone therapy may improve mood, well-being, and sexual function in premenopausal women, but more research is needed on its long-term safety and effectiveness.
2 citations
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June 2017 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” The type of PCOS a woman has doesn't strongly predict her skin or metabolic symptoms; obesity is a more important factor.
1 citations
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October 2018 in “InTech eBooks” Only minoxidil and finasteride are FDA-approved for hair loss, with other treatments available but less effective or with side effects.
January 2026 in “International Journal of Unani and Integrative Medicine” Combining modern and Unani medicine may better manage PCOS symptoms.
883 citations
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August 2016 in “Nature Reviews Disease Primers” Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition in women that can cause metabolic, reproductive, and psychological issues, and requires lifestyle changes and medication for management.
8 citations
,
January 1996 in “Springer eBooks” Male pattern baldness may be caused by factors like poor blood circulation, scalp tension, stress, and hormonal imbalances, but the exact causes are still unclear.
4 citations
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March 2021 in “Case Reports” A woman's excessive hair growth and masculine features were due to a rare benign ovarian tumor and endometrial cancer, which improved after surgery.
1 citations
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January 2017 in “Tohoku journal of experimental medicine” A woman's mature cystic teratoma caused her virilization by producing testosterone.
89 citations
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November 2014 in “Medical Clinics of North America” Eating 500 fewer calories a day and making lifestyle changes can improve PCOS symptoms and reduce diabetes risk; more research is needed on its causes and treatments.