October 2025 in “Science Advances” IFN-γ production by CD4 T cells is crucial for causing alopecia areata.
26 citations
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July 2007 in “Biochemical Pharmacology” ISCK03 stops melanin production in human melanoma cells and lightens skin color in mice and guinea pigs.
CD4 T cells need IFN-γ to cause hair loss in alopecia areata.
14 citations
,
December 2013 in “Experimental Dermatology” The T-zone on the face has more androgen receptors and produces more oil than the U-zone.
September 2024 in “Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association” A 589 nm laser increases IL-2 and IFN-y gene expression in human T-cells.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Melanogenesis-related proteins may trigger immune responses in alopecia areata patients.
17 citations
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July 2003 in “Metabolism-clinical and Experimental” Women with female-pattern baldness produce more testosterone, but 5a-reductase inhibition treatment won't help.
24 citations
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March 2018 in “Experimental Dermatology” Treg dysfunction is linked to various autoimmune skin diseases, and understanding Treg properties is key for new treatments.
1 citations
,
January 2008 in “Proceedings of the 9th World Rabbit Congress, Verona, Italy, 10-13 June 2008” Furless male rabbits grew slightly faster and heavier than furred ones, but testosterone levels were not the cause.
April 2018 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Androgens increase growth factors in skin cells, which may lead to acne.
July 2025 in “Archives of Toxicology” The new skin model can predict how chemicals might cause skin allergies.
39 citations
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May 2014 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Special immune cells called Tregs can help prevent lung scarring by blocking a specific growth factor.
64 citations
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March 1984 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Cyproterone acetate effectively reduced hair growth in hirsute patients by lowering androgen levels and altering androgen metabolism.
104 citations
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October 1999 in “The Journal of Urology” Finasteride doesn't harm male fertility or sperm quality, but may slightly reduce ejaculate volume.
47 citations
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March 2019 in “Journal of immunology research” Valproic Acid could potentially be used to treat immune-related conditions due to its ability to modify immune cell functions.
1 citations
,
June 2023 in “Biomolecules & therapeutics” Nitric oxide is important for skin functions and both helps protect against and contributes to skin inflammation and sensitization.
1 citations
,
June 2022 in “The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine” Understanding the genetics of alopecia areata could lead to better treatments.
November 2023 in “Journal of Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine.” Methotrexate is effective for rheumatoid arthritis but can cause side effects.
June 2023 in “Research Square (Research Square)” Different immune responses cause hair loss in scalp diseases, with unique patterns in scalp psoriasis possibly protecting against hair loss.
December 2021 in “Signal transduction and targeted therapy” Increasing sebum production might help reduce fat and improve metabolism.
April 2017 in “Journal of Dermatological Science” B cells can both help and hinder the body's defense against melanoma.
January 2011 in “Annals of dermatology/Annals of Dermatology” A woman's psoriasis improved after hepatitis C treatment with interferon, despite interferon's risk of worsening skin conditions.
1 citations
,
June 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Fetal skin has unique immune cells different from adult skin.
July 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Immune system changes may contribute to female pattern hair loss.
September 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Human hair follicles have a unique way of using energy and might use the Cori cycle; blocking CCR5 could help treat hair loss.
181 citations
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January 2019 in “Cell” Innate lymphoid cells help control skin bacteria by regulating sebaceous glands.
2 citations
,
October 2000 in “The Journal of Urology” Finasteride daily doesn't affect sperm production or semen in young men.
1 citations
,
January 1991 in “Journal of Dermatological Treatment” Minoxidil doesn't change scalp oil production.
16 citations
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December 2019 in “Animals” Overexpressing Tβ4 in goats' hair follicles increases cashmere production and hair follicle growth.
78 citations
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October 2012 in “Biomaterials” Larger spheroids improve hair growth, but size doesn't guarantee thicker hair.