22 citations
,
May 2006 in “Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes” Calculated testosterone values are reliable for assessing hyperandrogenemia in women, making direct measurement unnecessary.
991 citations
,
January 2011 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” The document concludes that PCOS is a complex disorder caused by both genetic and environmental factors, affecting women's health in various ways, and requires personalized treatment.
117 citations
,
May 2017 in “Human Reproduction Update” The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.
61 citations
,
January 2015 in “Hormones” Liraglutide caused significant weight loss in some obese women with PCOS, especially those with severe obesity and insulin resistance.
61 citations
,
February 2001 in “American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology” Metabolic syndrome and PCOS are related but separate conditions, with metabolic syndrome increasing the risk of heart disease and diabetes.
54 citations
,
November 2017 in “Scientific Reports” The study found that certain microRNAs are higher in the cells and lower in the fluid of women with a specific type of polycystic ovary syndrome, and one microRNA could potentially help diagnose the condition.
20 citations
,
January 2012 in “International Journal of Trichology” Most cases of excessive hair growth in women are caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome and are linked to higher free testosterone levels.
16 citations
,
December 2010 in “European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology” Normal levels for certain hormones in Chinese women of reproductive age were identified.
16 citations
,
April 2007 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Prostate-specific antigen may be a new marker for excess male hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
16 citations
,
January 2003 in “Nuclear Receptor Signaling” Androgens and SARMs play a role in body mass, frailty, skin health, and hair growth, and are used in treating prostate cancer, acne, and hair loss, with potential for new uses and improved versions in the future.
14 citations
,
February 2016 in “Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research” Blood tests are needed to confirm high male hormone levels in women with PCOS, as physical signs alone are not reliable.
14 citations
,
January 2008 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” High levels of male hormones in women without tumors are linked to metabolic problems and can be treated with metformin.
10 citations
,
January 2017 in “Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine” Some vegetables from Northern Thailand show promise for health benefits, including hair loss treatment and antioxidant properties.
8 citations
,
June 2016 in “Clinical Chemistry” PSA levels could help detect illegal steroid use in female athletes but face challenges like cost and PCOS prevalence.
8 citations
,
March 2010 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” Free Testosterone Index, bioavailable testosterone, and androstenedione are the most accurate for diagnosing excess male hormones in PCOS.
5 citations
,
January 2005 in “Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry” New steroids were effective in blocking male hormone receptors in hamster prostates.
1 citations
,
May 2013 in “Journal of the Egyptian Women's Dermatologic Society (Print)” PSA could be a marker for hyperandrogenism in women, but more research is needed.
October 2025 in “Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College” Free testosterone is the most common hormone marker in PCOS, and age affects DHEAS levels.
January 2022 in “Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences” Women with PCOS risk had normal height and blood tests but higher weight and common acne or hirsutism.
November 2025 in “Discover Food” Catechins-rich tea extract may help reduce hair loss and promote hair growth.
1 citations
,
July 2019 in “The journal of applied laboratory medicine” Venous catheterization may help diagnose the cause of female hyperandrogenism when imaging is unclear.
75 citations
,
July 2013 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Taking low-dose spironolactone and metformin together works better for PCOS symptoms than either drug alone.
13 citations
,
March 2019 in “Physiological Research” Overweight women with PCOS have higher levels of certain hormones that could indicate a higher risk of heart and metabolic problems.
7 citations
,
January 2010 in “Pharmacognosy Research” The tobacco leaf extract may help hair grow and could treat hair loss.
January 2026 in “Regenerative Therapy” Low-frequency electromagnetic fields may help treat hair loss by promoting hair regrowth.
January 2023 in “Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research” Stauntonia hexaphylla extract can help treat hair loss by blocking certain hormones.
28 citations
,
January 2009 in “Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters” DHT deficiency increases iNOS expression in rat testis and epididymis.
19 citations
,
January 2015 in “Indian Journal of Dermatology” Skin changes in women with PCOS are mainly due to hormonal imbalances.
13 citations
,
September 2013 in “Steroids” The DHT immunoassay is unreliable due to high cross-reactivity with testosterone.
12 citations
,
January 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Baicalin may help reduce excessive male hormone levels in PCOS.