59 citations
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August 2004 in “Human Reproduction Update” Testosterone replacement can help women with low libido and mood, but they need to have enough estrogen first to avoid side effects.
55 citations
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May 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Androgens are important for female fertility and could help in IVF treatment, but also play a role in causing PCOS.
50 citations
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February 2013 in “Annals of Clinical Biochemistry” Understanding how DHT works is important for diagnosing and treating hormone-related disorders.
48 citations
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February 2006 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” 5α-reductase inhibitors may reduce male fertility and could be used for male contraception.
36 citations
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June 2014 in “PLOS ONE” Finasteride, a hair loss drug, may cause long-term sexual side effects due to changes in hormone receptor levels.
31 citations
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September 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology” Some antiandrogens may lower testosterone better than others, but it's unclear which is best for feminization in transgender women; more research is needed.
25 citations
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July 1994 in “Journal of dermatological science” Testosterone affects hair follicles differently across body sites, with beard hair follicles showing more activity of a specific enzyme and presence of androgen receptors compared to scalp hair.
8 citations
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December 2015 in “PubMed” Phyllanthus niruri extract may help treat hair loss by promoting hair growth and blocking a hair loss-related enzyme.
4 citations
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December 2021 in “Pharmacological Reports” Metformin is less effective in men with early-onset hair loss.
November 2025 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” Xiaozhi Yufa decoction may help treat hair loss by improving hair growth and reducing inflammation.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Leydig cell tumors in the ovary can cause high testosterone and male traits in postmenopausal women but are treatable with surgery.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” Anastrozole can cause increased testosterone, leading to symptoms like hair growth and thinning.
August 2025 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Broccoli sprout extract may help regrow hair by improving hormone metabolism.
April 2025 in “Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition” Creatine does not cause hair loss.
December 2024 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications” LMWP-PDGFA shows promise for improving hair health and treating hair loss with fewer side effects.
January 2018 in “Journal of translational science” Eating alfalfa sprouts every day can raise testosterone levels in middle-aged men, but broccoli sprouts don't have this effect.
The hair lotion from Ganoderma lucidum extract effectively promotes hair growth and reduces hair loss.
October 2015 in “Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo)” Finasteride reduces prostate size and PSA levels in young men with hair loss.
8 citations
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July 2021 in “F1000Research” Plant-based compounds might be a promising alternative for prostate cancer treatment with fewer side effects.
8 citations
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January 2012 in “General and Comparative Endocrinology” 5α-Reductase helps regulate hormone action in toad testes, especially during breeding season.
July 2025 in “AACE Endocrinology and Diabetes” Ovarian hyperthecosis caused high testosterone and virilization symptoms in a 60-year-old woman, which improved after surgery.
May 2025 in “Clinical Endocrinology” Metformin lowers prolactin in men with normal hair but not in those with early hair loss.
June 2023 in “Journal of personalized medicine” Androgen treatment with dihydrotestosterone may help maintain height in patients with 5-α-reductase type 2 deficiency, especially before puberty.
June 2023 in “Food frontiers” Ginsenoside CK, found in Panax ginseng, can prevent hair loss by controlling certain growth pathways and promoting hair follicle development.
January 2023 in “Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery” Hair transplants help transgender patients look more like their gender identity, with different procedures for trans women and men.
January 2011 in “Padua Research Archive (University of Padua)” Local estrogen synthesis in skin may improve wound healing.
August 2017 in “DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)” Androgenetic alopecia in males is linked to hormone levels and the enzyme 5-alpha reductase.
44 citations
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January 2012 in “Food and chemical toxicology” Ursolic acid can shrink the prostate and lower a hormone linked to prostate growth in rats.
5 citations
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January 2023 in “Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism” The statement offers guidance for hormone therapy and surgery to help gender-incongruent adults affirm a male identity.
2 citations
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November 2023 in “International Journal of Preventive Medicine and Health (IJPMH)” The Unani Pharmacopoeia-Based Formulation significantly improved symptoms of enlarged prostate in rats.